|Table of Contents|

Water Levels of the Great Lakes of North America(PDF)

《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

Issue:
2005年第04期
Page:
8-13
Research Field:
Publishing date:

Info

Title:
Water Levels of the Great Lakes of North America
Author(s):
William A. Gough
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
Keywords:
water levels Great Lakes Canada climate change
PACS:
P343.3;P341
DOI:
-
Abstract:
The low Great Lakes water levels of recent years are reviewed and placed in the context of variations over many decades of recorded water levels. The recent recovery of the lower lakes is contras- ted with the continued lower levels in the upper lakes. The potential impact of climate change on Great Lakes water levels is explored.

References:

[1] S cot t R W , H uff F A. Impact s of the Great Lak es on regional climat e condi ti on s[J] . J ou rnal of G reat Lakes Research , 1996 , 22 :845 863.
[2] Gough W A , Roz anov Y. Aspect s of T oront o’ s clim at e: h eat is land and lak e breeze[J] . C anadian Met eorological and Oceanographi c S ociety Bulletin , 2001 , 29 :67 71.
[3] Angel J R, Isard S A. Th e f requency and int ensit y of Great Lakes cycl on es[J] . J ou rnal of C limate , 1998 , 11 :61 71.
[4] M ort sch L D. A ssessing the impact of climate change on the Great Lak es sh orelin e wet lands[J] . Climati c C han ge, 1998 , 40 :391 416.
[5] Brinkm an n W A R. Causes of variabili ty in monthly Great Lakes w ater su pplies and lake level s[J] . Climat e Research 2000 , 15 :151 160.
[6] C hangnon S A , Changnon J M. Hi st ory of th e Chi cago diversion and future implicat ions[J] . Jou rnal of G reat Lak es Research , 1996 , 22 :100 118.
[7] He C S. Modeling hydrologic impact of w ithdraw ing the great lakes water for agricultural irrigation[J] . Journal of the American Wat er Resources Association , 1997 , 33 :1055 1068.
[8] Gab riel A O , Kreut zw iser R D , S tewart C J. Great Lake f lood th res holds and im pacts[J] . Journal of Great Lake Research , 1997 , 23 :286 296.
[9] Lee D H , Cli tes A H , Keil lor J P. Ass es sing risk in operat ional deci sions using Great Lak es p robabili sti c wat er level f orecast s[J] . En vi ronmen tal Management , 1997 , 21 :43 58.
[10] Quinn F H , Croley T E , Kunkel K , et al. Laurenti an Great Lakes hydrology and lake level s under th e t ransp osed 1993 Mi ssis sippi river f lood climate[J] . Jou rnal of Great Lak es Research , 1997 , 23 :317 327.
[11] M eadow s G A , Mead ow s L A , Wood W L , et al. T he relat ionship betw een g reat l akes w ater level s , wave energi es , and shoreline dam age[J] . Bul let in of the American M et eorological Society , 1997 , 78 :675 683.
[12] Mort sch L D, Hengeveld H , Lis ter M , et al. Climat e ch ange im pact s on the hydrology of th e G reat Lak es-St . Law rence Sy st em[J] . Canadian Wat er Resources Journal , 2000 , 25 :153 179.
[13] Croley T E , Lee D H. Evaluat ion of Great-Lakes net basin supply forecast s[J] . Wat er Resources Bullet in , 1993 , 29 :267 282.
[14] Cart er T , Parry M , Nis hioka S , et al. Technical guidelines f or assessing clim at e ch ange im pact s and adaptat ions[C] / / Clim at e Change 1995 Im pact s , Adaptat ions and Mi tigat ions of C limate Ch ange :S cien tif ic-T echnical Analy ses. Cambridge Uni versi ty Press. C amb ridge, UK. 1996 :879.
[15] Mort sch L D , Quinn F H. Climate change scenarios f or Great Lakes Basin ecosys tem studies[J] . Lim nology and Oceanog raphy , 1996 , 41 :903 911.
[16] Kun kel K E , Changnon S A , C rol ey T E , et al. Transp osed climates for study of w at er s upply variabili ty on the Lau renti an Great Lakes[J] . Climat ic Change, 1998 , 38 :387 404.
[17] C roley T E , Quinn F H , Kunkel K E , et al. G reat Lakes hyd rol ogy under t ransposed climat es[J] . Climat ic C hange, 1998 , 38:405 433.
[18] Chao P. Great Lakes water resou rces :Climate change impact analysi s wi th t ransient GCM scenarios[J] . Journal of the American Water Resources Association , 1999 , 35 :1499 1507.
[19] H ost etler S W , Smal l E E. Response of North American f res hw at er lakes t o sim ulated fu tu re climat es[J] . J ou rnal of the American Wat er Resources A ssociati on , 1999 , 35 : 1625 1637.
[20] Kat tenberg A , Giorgi F , Grassl H , et al. Climat e M odels- Projecti ons of Future Climat e In Climat e Change 1995 Th e Sci ence of Climat e Change [M] . Camb ridge Uni versit y Press , 1996.
[21] Changnon S A , Glant z M H . T he Great Lakes diversi on at Chicago an d it s impli cations f or climat e chan ge[J] . Climat ic Change , 1996 , 32 :199 214.

Memo

Memo:
-
Last Update: 1900-01-01