|Table of Contents|

Probing and Thinking on “Exploring Petroleum Inside Source Kitchen” of Continental Shale Oil Exploration—A Case Study of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China(PDF)

《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

Issue:
2021年第01期
Page:
117-134
Research Field:
基础地质与矿产地质
Publishing date:

Info

Title:
Probing and Thinking on “Exploring Petroleum Inside Source Kitchen” of Continental Shale Oil Exploration—A Case Study of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Author(s):
YU Yuan-jiang1; 2;  WANG Hong-yan1; 2;  LIU De-xun1; 2;  ZHAO Qun1; 2;  ZHENG Min1;  WANG She-jiao1
(1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China; 2. National Energy Shale Gas R&D(Experimental)Center, Beijing 100083, China)
Keywords:
Key words: continental shale oil;  exploration process of “six determinations” thinking;  geological evaluation;  sandstone reservoir;  dolomite reservoir;  the first member of Shahejie Formation;  Qikou sag;  Bohai Bay Basin
PACS:
P618.130.2
DOI:
10.19814/j.jese.2020.10038
Abstract:
Based on the unconventional thought of “source rock oil and gas” theory and “exploration into source kitchen”, the exploration process of continental shale oil “six determinations” thinking(determining the background, defining source rocks, fixing reservoirs, ascertaining plays, confirming resources and finalizing sweet spots)was innovatively established, its geological characteristics and significant differences with the conventional exploration process were analyzed, and the oil exploration process of the lower first member of Shahejie Formation(E2-3s1)in Qikou sag of Bohai Bay Basin was disscussed as an example. Background analysis shows that semi-deep lake to deep lake and shore-shallow lake to lake bay facies areas are widely distributed, and multiple slope structural belts are developed in the environment of Paleogene lake basin expansion and salinization in Qikou sag, so that shale oil formation and accumulating background are favorable. Source rock evaluation indicates that dark mudstone, oil shale and organic-rich shale are developed in the lower first member of Shahejie Formation with large thickness and wide distribution, and the main body is in mature oil generation stage, so the hydrocarbon generation conditions are good. Reservoir evaluation believes that the development of reservoirs in the lower first member of Shahejie Formation is controlled by both internal and external sources, forming a large area of silty-fine sandstone with multi-stage gravity flow sedimentation and mud-microcrystalline dolomite reservoirs(the thickness is 12.7-70.0 m), overlapping development and contiguous distribution, showing low porosity and ultra-low permeability. According to the shale oil play evaluation, the lower first member of Shahejie Formation characterized by “source-reservoir one body” with four types of configurations between source and reservoir. The superimposed areas of sources and reservoirs are mainly distributed in the middle-low slope area and middle slope area of the gentle depression. Vertically, the turbidite sheet sandstone reservoir and dolomite reservoir are overlapped and horizontally connected with the conventional sandstone reservoirs in high slope and fracture zone. The resource evaluation reveals that the total median value of the two types of shale oil geological resources is 5.86×108 t, the remaining resources account for more than 60%, the buried depth is moderate, and the exploration potential is large. According to the prediction of sweet spots, several exploration wells have drilled industrial oil flow, and shale oil enrichment is controlled by structure, microfacies and diagenesis. There are two types of sweet spot layers consisted of tight sandstone and dolomite, and four sweet spot sections. Qibei low slope, Qinan slope, Banqiao slope and Qibei middle slope in Qikou sag are favorable sweet spot areas for recent exploration. Three suggestions for “exploration into source kitchen” are put forward after further consideration deeply. Firstly, the research on the hydrocarbon-generating contribution and distribution of carbonate source rocks should be paid more attention to in order to find out the center and strata of main source rocks. Secondly, from the perspective of the extension and development of “source-reservoir one body” feature and “source control” theory in unconventional field, some “unconventional thinking” should be opened up such as exploring the source rock(area)to tap all potential, studying all kinds of reservoirs to search for all kinds of sweet spots, carrying out comprehensive exploration combined with the research of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir. Thirdly, it is necessary to continue to probe and focus on the methods and technologies of identification and evaluation for shale oil sweet spot layers and sections, so as to solve the technical problems in the evaluation of selected areas.

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Last Update: 2021-03-10