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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第45卷

期数:

2023年第04期

页码:

1002-1014

栏目:

环境与可持续发展专刊

出版日期:

2023-07-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Influence of Highway Construction on Plant Species, Growth and Diversity in Alpine Grassland Area

文章编号:

1672-6561(2023)04-1002-13

作者:

李永鹏¹; 贾平海¹; 云旦迦沧¹; 陈治华¹; 田 沛²; 3*

(1. 甘南藏族自治州交通运输局,甘肃 甘南 747000; 2. 兰州大学 草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020; 3. 兰州大学 草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020)

Author(s):

LI Yong-peng¹;  JIA Ping-hai¹;  YUNDAN Jia-cang¹;  CHEN Zhi-hua¹;  TIAN Pei²; 3*

(1. Transportation Bureau of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gannan 747000, Gansu, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China; 3. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China)

关键词:

生态环境工程;  高速公路;  路域建设;  植物种类;  植物生长;  生态修复;  甘肃

Keywords:

ecological environment engineering;  highway;  road construction;  plant species;  plant growth;  ecological restoration;  Gansu

分类号:

X37; Q948.1

DOI:

-

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

为揭示青藏高原公路施工过程对周围草原生态环境的影响,选择甘肃省甘南藏族自治州在建的S10卓尼—合作高速公路代表性路域的2个施工点,在路基施工期间(2021年6月和9月)距离路域建设红线外垂直10 m处和500 m处,采用样线法调查取样,获取植物群落物种构成、盖度、株高、生物量等参数; 通过SPSS软件对植物群落的构成、物种多样性等相关指标进行分析,并运用最小显著性差异(LSD)法检验其差异显著性,以此分析公路施工对路域沿线植物种类、生长及多样性的影响。结果表明:研究区域调查到的86种植物以线叶嵩草(Kobresia capillifolia)、藏嵩草(K. tibetica)和垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)重要值较高。比较两个调查区域以及同一区域在距离路域建设红线外10 m处和500 m处的差异,发现仅部分采样点香农指数及植物生物量有显著差异(P<0.05),说明此次调查的区域以及距离路域建设红线外不同范围的植物群落构成差别不大,路域建设对植被影响较小。9月大部分采样点的植被总盖度、植物平均株高、植物生物量、Menhinick指数相较于6月有显著提高(P<0.05),说明公路施工虽然造成局部破坏并影响周围自然环境,但路域建设红线外的植物通过自身适应自然修复并正常生长,周围施工并不影响植被的自然生长。综上所述,在严格控制施工行为的前提下,距离路域建设红线外不同范围内的植物群落及生长变化不大,生态系统破坏相对较小。

Abstract:

In order to reveal the influence of highway construction on the natural grassland and ecological system in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, two representative construction points at a distance of 17 km which are ongoing construction area of S10 Zhuoni-Hezuo expressway in Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Gansu province were investigated. The sampling sites were 10 and 500 m away from the construction red line, and the sampling dates were June and September 2021. Line transect method was used to collect the samples, and species composition, coverage, height and biomass of plant community were calculated; the composition of plant community and species diversity were analyzed by SPSS software, and the least significant difference(LSD)method was used to test the significance of the above indexes, meanwhile the influences of highway construction on plant species, growth and diversity were discussed. The results show that there are 86 plant species presenting in investigation sites and the important values of Kobresia capillifolia, K. tibetica and Elymus nutans are higher; there are no significant difference between two investigation sites or between two distances(10 and 500 m away from the red line of highway construction)in the same location for most of the indices; only Shannon index and biomass of plant have significant difference(P<0.05)in a few sampling sites, suggesting that there is little difference of plant community composition in the investigation sites and the different distances away from the red line of highway construction. The vegetation height, average height, biomass and Menhinick index of plant in September are significantly higher(P<0.05)than those in June, indicating that the plants away from the red line of highway construction recover naturally and grow normally through their own adaptation, although the highway construction partially destroys and affects the surrounding natural environment. In general, under strict control of construction behavior, plant communities and growth in different distances away from the red line of highway construction have little change, and the damages to the ecosystem are relatively small.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2023-03-03; 修回日期:2023-06-10投稿网址:http:∥jese.chd.edu.cn/
基金项目:甘肃省交通运输厅科技项目(2021-07); 国家自然科学基金项目(31971768)
作者简介:李永鹏(1989-),男,甘肃临潭人,工程师,E-mail:949662564@qq.com。
*通讯作者:田 沛(1979-),女,河南新郑人,教授,博士研究生导师,农学博士,E-mail:tianp@lzu.edu.cn。

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