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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第45卷

期数:

2023年第05期

页码:

1094-1109

栏目:

庆贺汤中立院士从事地质工作七十周年专辑

出版日期:

2023-09-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Mineralogical Characteristics of the Ore-bearing Clinopyroxenite in Shangzhuang P-REE(-Fe-Sc)Deposit of South Qilian, China and Their Constraints on Ore Genesis

文章编号:

1672-6561(2023)05-1094-16

作者:

王进寿¹; 陈 鑫²; 朱 丹³; 薛万文¹; 金婷婷¹; 王树林¹

(1. 青海省地质调查院 青藏高原北部地质过程与矿产资源重点实验室,青海 西宁 810012; 2. 中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北 武汉 430074; 3. 自然资源部稀土稀有稀散矿产重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430034)

Author(s):

WANG Jin-shou¹;  CHEN Xin²;  ZHU Dan³;  XUE Wan-wen¹;  JIN Ting-ting¹;  WANG Shu-lin¹

(1. Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources of Northern Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Geological Survey Institute, Xining 810012, Qinghai, China; 2. School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Rare Earth and Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources, Wuhan 430034, Hubei, China)

关键词:

矿物学;  单斜辉石岩;  矿床成因;  电子探针;  磷稀土(铁钪)矿床;  南祁连

Keywords:

mineralogy;  clinopyroxenite;  deposit genesis;  EPMA;  P-REE(-Fe-Sc)deposit;  South Qilian

分类号:

P571; P611

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2023.07006

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

上庄磷稀土(铁钪)矿床发育于南祁连拉脊山蛇绿混杂带中,该矿床的形成与地幔岩熔融分异活动密切相关,矿石矿物与其寄主岩石矿物一致,指示成岩成矿的同一性,但对其成矿是否为单一岩浆成因或有热液流体参与仍缺乏研究。利用电子探针(EPMA)和激光等离子质谱仪LA-ICP-MS原位分析技术,从黑云母、磁铁矿和磷灰石的矿物学特征角度讨论含矿磷灰黑云单斜辉石岩的成因。结果表明:磷灰黑云单斜辉石岩中磁铁矿和磷灰石形成要早于黑云母,黑云母呈明显褐色—褐黄色多色性,高Al、K、Ti,中等偏低Fe(X_Fe值为0.42～0.46)、Mg(X_Mg值为0.54～0.58),贫Ca和Na,属岩浆黑云母; 磁铁矿V、Cr含量总体上较高,Mg含量低,Ni/Cr值不高于1(1个点除外),具有岩浆型磁铁矿的高V、Cr、Ti(部分较低)特征,且磁铁矿可能为早期结晶矿物; 磷灰石为结晶程度较好的氟磷灰石,背散射图像中未发现热液型磷灰石或被热液溶蚀交代磷灰石具有的孔洞、裂隙、浑浊发暗等现象,其高F、贫Cl、低Cl/F值,高稀土元素总含量((2 722～7 730)×10^-6),轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,指示其为典型岩浆型磷灰石。综上所述,上庄磷稀土(铁钪)矿床为岩浆成因,成岩成矿可能与地幔岩部分熔融分异有关,在高温和氧化环境下,富磷、富挥发份F及少量含CO₂的流体为控制P、REE和Fe等成矿元素富集矿化的重要地球化学因素。

Abstract:

The Shangzhuang P-REE(-Fe-Sc)deposit is located in the ophiolitic melange zone in Lajishan area of South Qilian. The formation of the deposit is closely related to the melting and differentiation of mantle rocks, and the ore minerals are consistent with their host rock minerals, indicating the identity of diagenesis and mineralization, but there are still different understandings about whether the mineralization is caused by a single magma or hydrothermal fluid. Based on the mineralogical characteristics of biotite, magnetite and apatite, the genesis of ore-bearing apatite biotite clinopyroxenite was discussed by means of electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)and laser plasma mass spectrometer LA-ICP-MS in-situ analysis. The results show that the formation of magnetite and apatite from apatite biotite clinopyroxenite is earlier than that of biotite. Biotite is obviously brown polychrome, high in Al, K and Ti, moderately low in Fe(X_Fe is 0.42-0.46), Mg(X_Mg is 0.54-0.58), and poor in Ca and Na, indicating that it is of magmatic biotite; magnetite is generally high in V and Cr, low in Mg, and Ni/Cr ratio less than or equal to 1(except for one point), which is characterized by high V, Cr and Ti(partly low)of magmatic magnetite, and the magnetite may be an early crystalline mineral; apatite is fluorapatite with good crystallization degree, and BSE image does not find the holes, fissures, turbidity and darkness of hydrothermal apatite or metasomatized apatite by hydrothermal dissolution. It is high in F, poor in Cl, low in Cl/F ratio, high in total contents of rare earth elements((2 722-7 730)×10^-6), and has obvious fractionation of light and heavy rare earth elements, indicating that it is typical magmatic apatite. Comprehensive study shows that Shangzhuang P-REE(-Fe-Sc)deposit is of magmatic genesis, and its diagenesis and mineralization may be related to partial melting and fractionation of mantle rocks. Under high temperature and oxidizing environment, the fluid rich in P, volatile F and a small amount of CO₂-bearing, is an important geochemical factor controlling the enrichment and mineralization of ore-forming elements such as P, REE and Fe.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2023-07-05; 修回日期:2023-09-14投稿网址:http:∥jese.chd.edu.cn/
基金项目:青海省科学技术厅应用基础研究项目(2021-ZJ-741)
作者简介:王进寿(1972-),男,青海西宁人,正高级工程师,工学博士,E-mail:1633467350@qq.com。

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更新日期/Last Update: 2023-10-15