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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第46卷

期数:

2024年第06期

页码:

790-803

栏目:

环境与可持续发展

出版日期:

2024-12-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Evaluation of Livelihood Resilience of Out-of-poverty Farmers in Qinling Mountains and Its Obstacles—A Case Study of Lantian County in Shaanxi Province, China

文章编号:

1672-6561(2024)06-0790-14

作者:

马超群¹; 2*; 张硕蒙¹; 员学锋¹; 2; 张舒媛¹; 王晓峰¹; 2

(1. 长安大学 土地工程学院,陕西 西安 710054; 2. 陕西省土地整治重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054)

Author(s):

MA Chao-qun¹; 2*;  ZHANG Shuo-meng¹;  YUAN Xue-feng¹; 2;  ZHANG Shu-yuan¹;  WANG Xiao-feng¹; 2

(1. School of Land Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Remediation Engineering, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China)

关键词:

生计韧性;  脱贫户;  TOPSIS模型;  地形分区;  生计策略;  障碍因素;  提升策略;  秦岭山区

Keywords:

livelihood resilience;  out-of-poverty farmer;  TOPSIS model;  terrain zoning;  livelihood strategy;  obstacle factor;  promotional strategy;  Qinling mountain area

分类号:

K901

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2024.06025

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

准确测度山区脱贫户生计韧性及其关键影响因素,可为理解新时期脱贫户生计状况、巩固脱贫攻坚成果与全面乡村振兴有效衔接提供借鉴。以地处秦岭腹地的陕西省蓝田县为例,根据环境禀赋、家庭资本、个人能力的层次结构构建蓝田县脱贫户生计韧性评价指标体系; 基于农户调查数据,采用TOPSIS模型和障碍度模型比较分析了不同地形区、不同脱贫时间、不同生计策略下脱贫户生计韧性的差异及其障碍因素。结果表明:①蓝田县脱贫户生计韧性指数均值为0.531,整体处于中等水平,具有较高水平生计韧性的脱贫户仅占14.81%,3个维度层中环境禀赋均值最高,个人能力是脱贫户生计韧性的短板; ②不同类型脱贫户生计韧性存在分化特征,河谷阶地区脱贫户、早期脱贫户以及自主经营性和务农主导型脱贫户生计韧性较高; ③影响各类型脱贫户生计韧性的障碍因子呈现趋同态势,劳动参与、技能培训、务工地点、耕地和林地面积、家庭年收入是阻碍蓝田县脱贫户生计韧性提升的主要因素。针对不同区位条件脱贫户生计韧性的障碍因素,从政府和农户2个层面提出了蓝田县脱贫户生计韧性提升的对策。

Abstract:

Accurately measuring the livelihood resilience of out-of-poverty farmers and its key influencing factors can provide reference for understanding the livelihood status of out-of-poverty farmers in the new period and consolidating the effective connection between poverty alleviation achievements and comprehensive rural revitalization. Lantian county of Shaanxi province, situated in the heart of Qinling mountains, were taken as a case study to develop an index system for assessing the livelihood resilience of out-of-poverty farmers. This system was structured hierarchically around environmental endowment, household capital, and personal capabilities. Utilizing survey data from rural households, the TOPSIS model and obstacle degree model were employed to compare and analyze variations in livelihood resilience and the factors impeding it among out-of-poverty farmers across different topographic regions, varying timelines for poverty alleviation efforts, and diverse livelihood strategies. The results show that ① in Lantian county, the average livelihood resilience index of out-of-poverty farmer is 0.531, indicating a moderate overall level; only 14.81% of these farmers exhibit high levels of livelihood resilience; the average value of environmental endowment in the three layers is the highest, while personal capability is the shortcoming of livelihood resilience of out-of-poverty farmers. ② The livelihood resilience among various categories of out-of-poverty farmers exhibits significant differentiation, with those residing in valley-level areas, early-stage out-of-poverty farmers, self-employed individuals, and agriculture-oriented out-of-poverty farmers demonstrating higher levels of livelihood resilience. ③ The obstacle factors impacting the livelihoods resilience in various types of out-of-poverty farmers, are exhibiting a trend towards convergence; labor participation, technical training, work destination, cultivated land and forest land area, and annual household income are the main factors that hinder the improvement of livelihood resilience of out-of-poverty farmers in Lantian county. The countermeasures to enhance the livelihood resilience of out-of-poverty farmers in Lantian county were proposed at both governmental and farmer levels, considering the challenges posed by diverse geographical conditions.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2024-06-19; 修回日期:2024-09-19
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(72349002,42371210); 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022ZDLSF07-05); 陕西省土地整治重点实验室开放基金项目(211927180168); 长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102352202)
*通信作者:马超群(1976-),男,陕西西安人,长安大学讲师,理学博士,E-mail:chaoqunm@chd.edu.cn。

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