«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第47卷

期数:

2025年第03期

页码:

285-312

栏目:

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展专刊(上)

出版日期:

2025-05-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Failure Mechanism and Risk Mitigation of Loess Disaster Under Extreme Rainfall

文章编号:

1672-6561(2025)03-0285-28

作者:

范 文¹; 2*; 邓龙胜¹; 2; 于 渤¹; 2; 魏亚妮¹; 2; 梁 鑫¹; 2; 魏心声³; 于宁宇¹; 2; 苑伟娜¹; 2; 梁佳宇⁴; 宋宇飞⁵; 张宝庆⁶

(1.长安大学 地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054; 2.长安大学 地质灾害成因机理与风险防控陕西省高等学校重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054; 3.长安大学 建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 710061; 4.长安大学 理学院,陕西 西安 710064; 5.长安大学 数据科学与人工智能研究院,陕西 西安 710064; 6.兰州大学 资源环境学院,甘肃 兰州 730000)

Author(s):

FAN Wen¹; 2*;  DENG Long-sheng¹; 2;  YU Bo¹; 2;  WEI Ya-ni¹; 2;  LIANG Xin¹; 2;  WEI Xin-sheng³;  YU Ning-yu¹; 2;  YUAN Wei-na¹; 2;  LIANG Jia-yu⁴;  SONG Yu-fei⁵;  ZHANG Bao-qing⁶

(1.School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards Mechanism and Risk Control of Shaanxi Higher Education Institutes,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China; 3.School of Civil Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi,China; 4.School of Sciences,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China; 5.School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China; 6.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

关键词:

滑坡;  极端降雨;  灾变力学;  风险防控;  气候变化;  黄土高原

Keywords:

landslide;  extreme rainfall;  disaster mechanics;  risk mitigation;  climate change;  Loess Plateau

分类号:

P642

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2025.04023

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

受全球气候变化的影响,黄土高原极端降雨事件频发,严重威胁人民群众生命财产安全。极端降雨下的黄土滑坡出现3个新特点:点多面广危害大、突发性强监测难、链生性强防控难。同时,黄土体灾变过程也发生新的变化:水文响应速度加快、渗流模式显著变化; 水-土相互作用加速、黄土体损伤劣化加剧; 灾害防控从单一灾害向系统性防御转变。这给黄土滑坡灾害评价和防控带来很多新的难题,需要进一步研究黄土体多尺度灾变演化机理及风险演进机制,开展黄土地质灾害“区域-流域-斜坡”多尺度协同预警与风险防控,以应对极端降雨下黄土高原灾害新形势。系统梳理了黄土高原极端降雨规律、降雨作用下坡面流和坡体入渗规律、极端天气斜坡破坏模式、灾变力学机制和风险防控技术等方向最新研究进展; 在此基础上,总结了本团队采用试验研究、理论分析、数值模拟、机器学习算法等方法得到的相关研究成果,可为黄土高原的防灾减灾提供理论依据和技术支持。

Abstract:

Under the influence of global climate change, the extreme rainfall events in Loess Plateau have become increasingly prevalent. Extreme rainfall triggers significant disasters, including landslides, collapses, mountain torrents, debris flows, and urban waterlogging, along with various secondary and derivative hazards, forming complex and dynamically evolving disaster chains, which seriously threaten the security of lives and property of the people in Loess Plateau. Among these, loess landslides are among the most numerous and hazardous types of disasters. Under extreme rainfall conditions, the loess landslide disasters exhibit three distinct characteristics compared to those induced under normal conditions: ① numerous occurrence points, widespread distribution, and high hazard potential; ② strong suddenness and difficulty in monitoring; ③ pronounced chain effects and challenges in prevention. Concurrently, disaster mechanisms have undergone significant transformations, including accelerated hydrological response rates, substantial changes in seepage patterns, intensified water-soil interactions, and accelerated deterioration of loess masses. This has led to a shift in prevention needs from single-hazard management to systemic defense strategies. These evolving characteristics and mechanisms present new challenges for assessing hazards and preventing landslides in loess areas. Further research is imperative to investigate the multi-scale evolutionary mechanisms of loess deterioration and risk progression, and to develop coordinated early warning technologies and prevention measures that span slope, watershed, and region scales for loess-related geological disasters under extreme rainfall conditions. This effort aims to address disaster prevention and mitigation needs in Loess Plateau, particularly in the context of global climate change. Key research directions, including extreme rainfall patterns in Loess Plateau, slope surface flow and infiltration mechanisms under rainfall, failure modes of loess slopes under extreme weather, disaster mechanics mechanisms, and risk prevention technologies are focused on. Several innovative findings have been obtained, building upon previous research foundations and employing experimental studies, theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and machine learning algorithms. These results provide theoretical foundations and technical support for disaster prevention and mitigation in Loess Plateau.

参考文献/References:

[1] HOEGH-GULDBERG O,JACOB D,TAYLOR M,et al.The Human Imperative of Stabilizing Global Climate Change at 1.5 ℃[J].Science,2019,365:eaaw6974.
[2] SCHIERMEIER Q.Climate and Weather:Extreme Measures[J].Nature,2011,477:148-149.
[3] KREIBICH H,VAN LOON A F,SCHRÖTER K,et al.The Challenge of Unprecedented Floods and Droughts in Risk Management[J].Nature,2022,608:80-86.
[4] ZHANG X B,ALEXANDER L,HEGERL G C,et al.Indices for Monitoring Changes in Extremes Based on Daily Temperature and Precipitation Data[J].Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews:Climate Change,2011,2(6):851-870.
[5] 黄玉华,冯 卫,李政国.陕北延安地区2013年“7·3”暴雨特征及地质灾害成灾模式浅析[J].灾害学,2014,29(2):54-59.
HUANG Yu-hua,FENG Wei,LI Zheng-guo.Characteristics and Geological Disaster Mode of the Rainstorm Happened on July 3,2013 in Yan'an Area of Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2014,29(2):54-59.
[6] 姚文艺,侯素珍,郭 彦,等.陕北绥德县、子洲县城区2017年“7·26”暴雨致灾成因分析[J].中国防汛抗旱,2018,28(9):27-32,49.
YAO Wen-yi,HOU Su-zhen,GUO Yan,et al.Analysis of the Causes of the Disaster Induced by the “July 26” Rainstorm in the Urban Areas of Suide County and Zizhou County,Northern Shaanxi in 2017[J].China Flood & Drought Management,2018,28(9):27-32,49.
[7] 史文茹,李 昕,曾明剑,等.“7·20”郑州特大暴雨的多模式对比及高分辨率区域模式预报分析[J].大气科学学报,2021,44(5):688-702.
SHI Wen-ru,LI Xin,ZENG Ming-jian,et al.Multi-model Comparison and High-resolution Regional Mo-del Forecast Analysis for the “7·20” Zhengzhou Severe Heavy Rain[J].Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences,2021,44(5):688-702.
[8] 吴伟伟,胥 涛,高志强,等.山西晋中地区“2021.10”暴雨特征与洪灾分析[J].中国防汛抗旱,2022,32(12):82-88.
WU Wei-wei,XU Tao,GAO Zhi-qiang,et al.Rainstorm Characteristics and Flood Disaster Analysis of “2021.10” in Jinzhong Area,Shanxi Province[J].China Flood & Drought Management,2022,32(12):82-88.
[9] IPCC.AR6 Synthesis Report:Climate Change 2023[R].Geneva:IPCC,2023.
[10] 江志红,丁裕国,陈威霖.21世纪中国极端降水事件预估[J].气候变化研究进展,2007,3(4):202-207.
JIANG Zhi-hong,DING Yu-guo,CHEN Wei-lin.Projection of Precipitation Extremes for the 21st Century over China[J].Advances in Climate Change Resear-ch,2007,3(4):202-207.
[11] IPCC.Climate Change 2021:The Physical Science Basis[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2021.
[12] 周波涛,钱 进.IPCC AR6报告解读:极端天气气候事件变化[J].气候变化研究进展,2021,17(6):713-718.
ZHOU Bo-tao,QIAN Jin.Changes of Weather and Climate Extremes in the IPCC AR6[J].Climate Change Research,2021,17(6):713-718.
[13] 王国桢,晏 宏,刘成程,等.1960～2017年黄土高原极端降水的时空演化及其对环流变化的响应[J].地球环境学报,2023,14(5):588-602.
WANG Guo-zhen,YAN Hong,LIU Cheng-cheng,et al.Spatio-temporal Evolution of Extreme Precipitation in Loess Plateau During 1960-2017 and Its Response to Atmospheric Circulation Changes[J].Journal of Earth Environment,2023,14(5):588-602.
[14] 张昕晗,赵文婷,焦菊英,等.1960～2023年黄土高原极端降水事件时空演变特征[J].干旱区地理,2024,DOI:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.461.
ZHANG Xin-han,ZHAO Wen-ting,JIAO Ju-ying,et al.Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation Events on the Loess Plateau from 1960 to 2023[J].Arid Land Geography,2024,DOI:10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.461.
[15] 黎 珩,朱冰冰,边 熇,等.1970～2020年黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区极端降水时空变化研究及驱动因素分析[J].干旱区地理,2024,47(4):539-548.
LI Heng,ZHU Bing-bing,BIAN He,et al.Temporal and Spatial Changes in Extreme Precipitation and Its Driving Factors in the Water-wind Erosion Crisscross Region of the Loess Plateau from 1970 to 2020[J].Arid Land Geography,2024,47(4):539-548.
[16] ZHANG Y X,LI P,XU G C,et al.Temporal and Spa-tial Variation Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation on the Loess Plateau of China Facing the Precipitation Process[J].Journal of Arid Land,2023,15(4):439-459.
[17] WU J H,DENG H B,SUN R.Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation in Precipitation on the Loess Plateau from 1961 to 2016[J].Sustainability,2024,16(24):11119.
[18] 杨维涛,孙建国,康永泰,等.黄土高原地区极端气候指数时空变化[J].干旱区地理,2020,43(6):1456-1466.
YANG Wei-tao,SUN Jian-guo,KANG Yong-tai,et al.Temporal and Spatial Changes of Extreme Weather Indices in the Loess Plateau[J].Arid Land Geography,2020,43(6):1456-1466.
[19] ZHANG B Q,TIAN L,HE C S,et al.Response of Erosive Precipitation to Vegetation Restoration and Its Effect on Soil and Water Conservation over China's Loess Plateau[J].Water Resources Research,2023,59(1):e2022WR033382.
[20] ZHANG B Q,TIAN L,YANG Y T,et al.Revegetation Does Not Decrease Water Yield in the Loess Plateau of China[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2022,49(9):e2022GL098025.
[21] 张宝庆,田 磊,赵西宁,等.植被恢复对黄土高原局地降水的反馈效应研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2021,51(7):1080-1091.
ZHANG Bao-qing,TIAN Lei,ZHAO Xi-ning,et al.Feedbacks Between Vegetation Restoration and Local Precipitation over the Loess Plateau in China [J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2021,51(7):1080-1091.
[22] 安 彬,肖薇薇,朱 妮,等.近60 a黄土高原地区降水集中度与集中期时空变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2022,39(5):1333-1344.
AN Bin,XIAO Wei-wei,ZHU Ni,et al.Temporal and Spatial Variations of Precipitation Concentration Degree and Precipitation Concentration Period on the Loess Plateau from 1960 to 2019[J].Arid Zone Research,2022,39(5):1333-1344.
[23] TIAN N M,LAN H X,LI L P,et al.Human Activities Are Intensifying the Spatial Variation of Landslides in the Yellow River Basin[J].Science Bulletin,2025,70(2):263-272.
[24] 彭建兵,林鸿州,王启耀,等.黄土地质灾害研究中的关键问题与创新思路[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(4):684-691.
PENG Jian-bing,LIN Hong-zhou,WANG Qi-yao,et al.The Critical Issues and Creative Concepts in Mitigation Research of Loess Geological Hazards[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2014,22(4):684-691.
[25] 孙萍萍,张茂省,贾 俊,等.中国西部黄土区地质灾害调查研究进展[J].西北地质,2022,55(3):96-107.
SUN Ping-ping,ZHANG Mao-sheng,JIA Jun,et al.Geo-hazards Research and Investigation in the Loess Regions of Western China[J].Northwestern Geology,2022,55(3):96-107.
[26] 张茂省,胡 炜,孙萍萍,等.黄土水敏性及水致黄土滑坡研究现状与展望[J].地球环境学报,2016,7(4):323-334.
ZHANG Mao-sheng,HU Wei,SUN Ping-ping,et al.Advances and Prospects of Water Sensitivity of Loess and the Induced Loess Landslides[J].Journal of Ear-th Environment,2016,7(4):323-334.
[27] 李同录,习 羽,侯晓坤.水致黄土深层滑坡灾变机理[J].工程地质学报,2018,26(5):1113-1120.
LI Tong-lu,XI Yu,HOU Xiao-kun.Mechanism of Surface Water Infiltration Induced Deep Loess Landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2018,26(5):1113-1120.
[28] XU L,DAI F C,THAM L G,et al.Field Testing of Irrigation Effects on the Stability of a Cliff Edge in Loess,Northwest China[J].Engineering Geology,2011,120(1/2/3/4):10-17.
[29] 亓 星.突发型黄土滑坡监测预警研究:以甘肃黑方台黄土滑坡为例[D].成都:成都理工大学,2017.
QI Xing.Sudden Loess Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning Research:A Case Study of Gansu Landslide in Heifangtai Loess[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2017.
[30] 李喜安,刘锦阳,郭泽泽,等.马兰黄土孔隙结构参数与渗透性关系研究[J].工程地质学报,2018,26(6):1415-1423.
LI Xi-an,LIU Jin-yang,GUO Ze-ze,et al.Study on Relationship Between Pore Structure Parameters and Permeability of Malan Loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2018,26(6):1415-1423.
[31] 王 力,李喜安,何 军,等.不同黏粒含量对黄土渗透系数影响的试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(2):95-101.
WANG Li,LI Xi-an,HE Jun,et al.Experimental Stu-dy on Permeability Coefficient of Loess with Different Clay Contents[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,38(2):95-101.
[32] 鲁 拓,唐亚明,李喜安,等.马兰黄土孔隙分形特征与渗透性关系[J].科学技术与工程,2021,21(19):8138-8144.
LU Tuo,TANG Ya-ming,LI Xi-an,et al.Relationship Between Pore Fractal Characteristics and Permeability of Malan Loess [J].Science Technology and Engineering,2021,21(19):8138-8144.
[33] 汪丁建,唐辉明,李长冬,等.强降雨作用下堆积层滑坡稳定性分析[J].岩土力学,2016,37(2):439-445.
WANG Ding-jian,TANG Hui-ming,LI Chang-dong,et al.Stability Analysis of Colluvial Landslide Due to Heavy Rainfall[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(2):439-445.
[34] 李 宁,许建聪,钦亚洲.降雨诱发浅层滑坡稳定性的计算模型研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(5):1485-1490.
LI Ning,XU Jian-cong,QIN Ya-zhou.Research on Calculation Model for Stability Evaluation of Rainfall-induced Shallow Landslides[J].Rock and Soil Mecha-nics,2012,33(5):1485-1490.
[35] 于宁宇,范 文,魏婷婷.基于Mein-Larson模型的非饱和锐利浸润锋模型[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(9):1668-1675.
YU Ning-yu,FAN Wen,WEI Ting-ting.Unsaturated Sharp Wetting Front Model Based on Mein-Larson Saturated Infiltration Model[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(9):1668-1675.
[36] 孙恒飞,朱兴华,成玉祥,等.黄土优势渗流研究进展与展望[J].自然灾害学报,2021,30(6):1-12.
SUN Heng-fei,ZHU Xing-hua,CHENG Yu-xiang,et al.Research Progress and Prospect of Preferential Seepage in Loess[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2021,30(6):1-12.
[37] 李 鑫,卢玉东,范 文,等.黄土斜坡优先流促滑机理研究现状及展望[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(1):294-301,324.
LI Xin,LU Yu-dong,FAN Wen,et al.Current Status and Prospects of Research on Mechanism of Preferential Flow-induced Sliding in Loess Slope[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,39(1):294-301,324.
[38] 张卜平,朱兴华,成玉祥,等.黄土潜蚀机理及其致灾效应研究综述[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2021,32(6):41-52.
ZHANG Bu-ping,ZHU Xing-hua,CHENG Yu-xiang,et al.A Review on Loess Subsurface-erosion Mechanism and Its Hazard Effects[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2021,32(6):41-52.
[39] 彭建兵,王启耀,庄建琦,等.黄土高原滑坡灾害形成动力学机制[J].地质力学学报,2020,26(5):714-730.
PENG Jian-bing,WANG Qi-yao,ZHUANG Jian-qi,et al.Dynamic Formation Mechanism of Landslide Di-saster on the Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Geomecha-nics,2020,26(5):714-730.
[40] 卢全中,彭建兵.黄土体结构面的发育特征及其灾害效应[J].西安科技大学学报,2006,26(4):446-450.
LU Quan-zhong,PENG Jian-bing.Characteristics of Structural Planes of Loess Mass in Loess Plateau of China and Its Hazard Effect[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2006,26(4):446-450.
[41] 李同录,汪 颖,胡向阳,等.厚层非饱和黄土中优势流和活塞流的讨论[J].工程地质学报,2022,30(6):1842-1848.
LI Tong-lu,WANG Ying,HU Xiang-yang,et al.Discussion on Preferential Flow and Piston Flow in Thi-ck Loess Vadose Zone[J].Journal of Engineering Geo-logy,2022,30(6):1842-1848.
[42] 李喜安,彭建兵,陈志新,等.黄土地层地表径流下潜模式与地质灾害[J].工程地质学报,2007,15(4):495-499.
LI Xi-an,PENG Jian-bing,CHEN Zhi-xin,et al.On the Infiltration Modes of Surface Runoff in the Loess Layer and Geological Hazards[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2007,15(4):495-499.
[43] SHAO W,BOGAARD T,BAKKER M,et al.The Influence of Preferential Flow on Pressure Propagation and Landslide Triggering of the Rocca Pitigliana Landslide[J].Journal of Hydrology,2016,543:360-372.
[44] YANG Z J,QIAO J P,UCHIMURA T,et al.Unsaturated Hydro-mechanical Behaviour of Rainfall-induced Mass Remobilization in Post-earthquake Landslides[J].Engineering Geology,2017,222:102-110.
[45] 潘网生,胡向红,卢玉东,等.黄土孔隙、裂隙及其优先流研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(8):163-169.
PAN Wang-sheng,HU Xiang-hong,LU Yu-dong,et al.Research Progress of Pore,Fracture and Preferential Flow for Loess[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(8):163-169.
[46] KRZEMINSKA D M,BOGAARD T A,MALET J P,et al.A Model of Hydrological and Mechanical Feedbacks of Preferential Fissure Flow in a Slow-moving Landslide[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2013,17(3):947-959.
[47] 马栋和.黄土公路边坡坡面冲刷的水-土力学耦合机制及模型研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.
MA Dong-he.A Study of Water-soil Mechanics Coupling Mechanism and Model for Loess Slope Surface Erosion on Highway[D].Changchun:Jilin Univer-sity,2012.
[48] 周皓秋,冯 晅,陈 洁,等.用于黄土体结构与物性探测的无人机载探地雷达[C]∥中国地球物理学会.2023年中国地球科学联合学术年会论文集.珠海:中国地球物理学会,2023:862.
ZHOU Hao-qiu,FENG Xuan,CHEN Jie,et al.Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Ground-penetrating Radar for Loess Structure and Physical Property Detection[C]∥Chinese Geophysical Society.Proceedings of Annual Meeting of Chinese Geoscience Union in 2023.Zhuhai:Chinese Geophysical Society,2023:862.
[49] 李 鑫.基于CT的黄土微细观空隙结构及优先流特性研究[D].西安:长安大学,2020.
LI Xin.Research on Micro and Meso Void Structure and Preferential Flow Characteristics of Loess Based on CT[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2020.
[50] 潘网生.黄土优先流渗流特性及斜坡优势滑动面研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015.
PAN Wang-sheng.Study on Seepage Characteristic of Loess Preferential Flow and Preferred Sliding Surface of Slope[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2015.
[51] YUAN S Q,FAN W,JIANG C C.The Profiles Based on Ridge and Valley Lines to Extract Shoulder Lines on the Loess Plateau[J].Remote Sensing,2023,15(2):380.
[52] YUAN S Q,FAN W,JIANG C C,et al.Active Gully Head Erosion Rates Characteristics on the Loess Pla-teau:InSAR-based Calculation and Response to Extreme Rainfall[J].Land Degradation & Development,2025,36(1):249-264.
[53] 姜程程.黄土塬区沟头侵蚀模型及机理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2022.
JIANG Cheng-cheng.Study on Gully Head Erosion Models and Mechanism on the Loess Plateau[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2022.
[54] 高国瑞.中国黄土的微结构[J].科学通报,1980,25(20):945-948.
GAO Guo-rui.Microstructure of Chinese Loess[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1980,25(20):945-948.
[55] 雷祥义.中国黄土的孔隙类型与湿陷性[J].中国科学:B辑,1987,6(12):1309-1318.
LEI Xiang-yi.Pore Type and Collapsibility of Chinese Loess[J].Scientia Sinica:Series B,1987,6(12):1309-1318.
[56] 高国瑞.黄土显微结构分类与湿陷性[J].中国科学,1980,9(12):1203-1208.
GAO Guo-rui.Classification of Loess Microstructure and Collapsibility[J].Scientia Sinica,1980,9(12):1203-1208.
[57] 王永焱,林在贯.中国黄土的结构特征及物理力学性质[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
WANG Yong-yan,LIN Zai-guan.Structural Characteristics and Physical-mechanical Properties of Chinese Loess[M].Beijing:Science Press,1990.
[58] 孙建中.黄土学(上篇)[R].香港:香港考古学会,2005.
SUN Jian-zhong.Loessology(Volume 1)[R].Hong Kong:Hong Kong Archaeological Society,2005.
[59] 范 文,邓龙胜,于 渤,等.黄土三维微结构[M].北京:科学出版社,2022.
FAN Wen,DENG Long-sheng,YU Bo,et al.Three-dimensional Microstructure of Loess[M].Beijing:Science Press,2022.
[60] ROGERS C D F.Types and Distribution of Collapsible Soils[M]∥DIJKSTRA T,DERBYSHIRE E,SMALLEY I J.Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils.Cham:Springer,1994:1-17.
[61] 雷祥义.西安黄土显微结构类型[J].西北大学学报,1983,13(4):46-71.
LEI Xiang-yi.Type of the Loess Microtextures in Xi'an District[J].Journal of Northwest University,1983,13(4):46-71.
[62] 范 文,魏亚妮,于 渤,等.黄土湿陷微观机理研究现状及发展趋势[J].水文地质工程地质,2022,49(5):144-156.
FAN Wen,WEI Ya-ni,YU Bo,et al.Research Progress and Prospect of Loess Collapsible Mechanism in Micro-level [J].Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2022,49(5):144-156.
[63] WEI Y N,FAN W,YU B,et al.Characterization and Evolution of Three-dimensional Microstructure of Malan Loess [J].Catena,2020,192:104585.
[64] 魏亚妮.水作用下黄土三维微结构演化及湿陷机理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2019.
Wei Ya-ni.Research on Three-dimensional Microstru-cture Evolution During Wetting and Collapsible Me-chanism of Loess[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2019.
[65] MELLORS T W.The Influence of the Clay Component in Loess on Collapse of the Soil Structure[M]∥DIJKSTRA T,DERBYSHIRE E,SMALLEY I J.Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils.Cham:Springer,1994:207-216.
[66] 赵景波,陈 云.黄土的孔隙与湿陷性研究[J].工程地质学报,1994,2(2):76-83.
ZHAO Jing-bo,CHEN Yun.Study on Pores and Collapsibility of Loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1994,2(2):76-83.
[67] WANG M,BAI X H.Collapse Property and Microstructure of Loess[C]∥LU N,HOYOS L R,REDDI L.Advances in Unsaturated Soil,Seepage and Environmental Geotechnics.Shanghai:ASCE,2006:111-118.
[68] YU B,FAN W,DIJKSTRA T A,et al.Heterogeneous Evolution of Pore Structure During Loess Collapse:Insights from X-ray Micro-computed Tomography[J].Catena,2021,201:105206.
[69] 杨运来.黄土湿陷机理的研究[J].中国科学:B辑,1988,7(7):756-766.
YANG Yun-lai.Study on the Mechanism of Loess Collapse[J].Scientia Sinica:Series B,1988,7(7):756-766.
[70] 雷祥义.黄土显微结构类型与物理力学性质指标之间的关系[J].地质学报,1989,63(2):182-191.
LEI Xiang-yi.Relationship Between Microstructural Types of Loess and Physical-mechanical Property Indicators[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1989,63(2):182-191.
[71] 胡瑞林,官国琳,李向全,等.黄土湿陷性的微结构效应[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(2):161-167.
HU Rui-lin,GUAN Guo-lin,LI Xiang-quan,et al.Microstructure Effect on the Subsidence of Loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1999,7(2):161-167.
[72] LI P,XIE W L,PAK R Y S,et al.Microstructural Evolution of Loess Soils from the Loess Plateau of China[J].Catena,2019,173:276-288.
[73] LI X A,LI L C.Quantification of the Pore Structures of Malan Loess and the Effects on Loess Permeability and Environmental Significance,Shaanxi Province,China:An Experimental Study[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(15):523.
[74] LI X A,LI L C,SONG Y X,et al.Characterization of the Mechanisms Underlying Loess Collapsibility for Land-creation Project in Shaanxi Province,China:A Study from a Micro Perspective[J].Engineering Geo-logy,2019,249:77-88.
[75] LIU Z,LIU F Y,MA F L,et al.Collapsibility,Composition,and Microstructure of Loess in China[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,53(4):673-686.
[76] WANG J D,LI P,MA Y,et al.Change in Pore-size Distribution of Collapsible Loess Due to Loading and Inundating[J].Acta Geotechnica,2019,15(5):1081-1094.
[77] 陈正汉,方祥位,朱元青,等.膨胀土和黄土的细观结构及其演化规律研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(1):1-11.
CHEN Zheng-han,FANG Xiang-wei,ZHU Yuan-qing,et al.Research on Meso-structures and Their Evolution Laws of Expansive Soil and Loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(1):1-11.
[78] 蒲毅彬.陇东黄土湿陷过程的CT结构变化研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(1):49-54.
PU Yi-bin.Research on CT Structure Changing for Damping Process of Loess in Longdong[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2000,22(1):49-54.
[79] LI Y R,WANG Y Y,AYDIN A,et al.Loess Structure:Evolution and a Scale-based Classification[J].Earth-science Reviews,2024,249:104665.
[80] LI X,LU Y D,ZHANG X Z,et al.Quantification of Macropores of Malan Loess and the Hydraulic Signi-ficance on Slope Stability by X-ray Computed Tomography[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2019,78(16):522.
[81] WEI T T,FAN W,YUAN W N,et al.Three-dimensional Pore Network Characterization of Loess and Paleosol Stratigraphy from South Jingyang Plateau,China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2019,78(11):333.
[82] WEI Y N,FAN W,YU N Y,et al.Permeability of Loess from the South Jingyang Plateau Under Diffe-rent Consolidation Pressures in Terms of the Three-dimensional Microstructure[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2020,79(9):4841-4857.
[83] DENG L S,FAN W,LIU S P,et al.Quantitative Research and Characterization of the Loess Microstructure in the Bai Lu Tableland,Shaanxi Province,China[J].Advances in Civil Engineering,2020,2020:3681382.
[84] DENG L S,FAN W,CHANG Y P,et al.Microstructure Quantification,Characterization and Regional Va-riation in the Ma Lan Loess on the Loess Plateau in China[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2021,21(8):0002075.
[85] WEI Y N,FAN W,YU B,et al.Investigation of the Collapse Potential of Malan Loess from Different Regions on the Loess Plateau in Terms of Pore Size Distribution and Clay Distribution Form[J].Acta Geo-technica,2023,18(12):6595-6613.
[86] YU B,FAN W,FAN J H,et al.X-ray Micro-computed Tomography(μ-CT)for 3D Characterization of Particle Kinematics Representing Water-induced Loe-ss Micro-fabric Collapse[J].Engineering Geology,2020,279:105895.
[87] YU B,FAN W,DIJKSTRA T A,et al.Pore Structure Evolution Due to Loess Collapse:A Comparative Stu-dy Using MIP and X-ray Micro-CT[J].Geoderma,2022,424:115955.
[88] YU B,DIJKSTRA T A,FAN W,et al.Advanced Mu-lti-scale Characterization of Loess Microstructure:Integrating μXCT and FIB-SEM for Detailed Fabric Analysis and Geotechnical Implications[J].Engineering Geology,2024,341:107727.
[89] WEI Y N,FAN W,FU C B,et al.Experimental Investigation of the Hydration Swelling Effect of Clay Minerals on Loess Collapsibility[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2023,23(1):06022036.
[90] ZHOU Y Y,YU B,FAN W,et al.3D Characterization of Localized Shear Failure in Loess Subject to Triaxial Loading[J].Engineering Geology,2023,322:107174.
[91] YUAN W N,FAN W,JIANG C C,et al.Experimental Study on the Shear Behavior of Loess and Paleosol Based on Ring Shear Tests[J].Engineering Geology,2019,250:11-20.
[92] 刘祖典,郭增玉,陈正汉.黄土的变形特性[J].土木工程学报,1985,18(1):69-76.
LIU Zu-dian,GUO Zeng-yu,CHEN Zheng-han.The Deformation Characteristics of Loess[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1985,18(1):69-76.
[93] 陈正汉,许镇鸿,刘祖典.关于黄土湿陷的若干问题[J].土木工程学报,1986,19(3):86-94.
CHEN Zheng-han,XU Zhen-hong,LIU Zu-dian.So-me Problems on the Collapse of Collasible Loess[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1986,19(3):86-94.
[94] 吴培安,唐 仑.黄土湿陷变形的内时本构模型[J].水资源与水工程学报,1990,1(4):5-13.
WU Pei-an,TANG Lun.Endochronic Constructive Model for Collapsing Deformation of Loess[J].Water Resources & Water Engineering,1990,1(4):5-13.
[95] 苗天德,王正贵.考虑微结构失稳的湿陷性黄土变形机理[J].中国科学:B辑,1990,9(1):86-96.
MIAO Tian-de,WANG Zheng-gui.Deformation Me-chanism of Collapsible Loess Considering Its Microstructure Instability[J].Scientia Sinica:Series B,1990,9(1):86-96.
[96] 苗天德,刘忠玉,任九生.湿陷性黄土的变形机理与本构关系[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(4):383-387.
MIAO Tian-de,LIU Zhong-yu,REN Jiu-sheng.Deformation Mechanism and Constitutive Relation of Collapsible Loess[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1999,21(4):383-387.
[97] 谢定义,齐吉琳,张振中.考虑土结构性的本构关系[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(4):35-41.
XIE Ding-yi,QI Ji-lin,ZHANG Zhen-zhong.A Constitutive Laws Considering Soil Structural Properties[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2000,33(4):35-41.
[98] 骆亚生,谢定义.复杂应力条件下土的结构性本构关系[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2005,37(5):14-18.
LUO Ya-sheng,XIE Ding-yi.Structural Constitutive Relation of Soils Under Complex Stress Conditions[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2005,37(5):14-18.
[99] 邵生俊,龙吉勇,杨 生,等.湿陷性黄土结构性变形特性分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1668-1672.
SHAO Sheng-jun,LONG Ji-yong,YANG Sheng,et al.Analysis of Structural Deformation Properties of Collapsible Loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(10):1668-1672.
[100] 邵生俊,龙吉勇,于清高,等.湿陷性黄土的结构性参数本构模型[J].水利学报,2006,37(11):1315-1322.
SHAO Sheng-jun,LONG Ji-yong,YU Qing-gao,et al.A Constitutive Model of Collapsible Loess with Structural Parameter[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(11):1315-1322.
[101] 蒋明镜,胡海军,彭建兵,等.应力路径试验前后黄土孔隙变化及与力学特性的联系[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(8):1369-1378.
JIANG Ming-jing,HU Hai-jun,PENG Jian-bing,et al.Pore Changes of Loess Before and After Stress Path and Their Links with Mechanical Behaviors[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(8):1369-1378.
[102] 张玉伟,翁效林,宋战平,等.考虑黄土结构性和各向异性的修正剑桥模型[J].岩土力学,2019,40(3):1030-1038.
ZHANG Yu-wei,WENG Xiao-lin,SONG Zhan-ping,et al.A Modified Cam-clay Model for Structural and Anisotropic Loess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2019,40(3):1030-1038.
[103] 侯乐乐,翁效林,崔艺铖,等.K₀固结结构性黄土的各向异性本构模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2022,41(10):2124-2134.
HOU Le-le,WENG Xiao-lin,CUI Yi-cheng,et al.Critical State Constitutive Model of K₀ Consolidated Structural Loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mecha-nics and Engineering,2022,41(10):2124-2134.
[104] 沈珠江.岩土破损力学与双重介质模型[J].水利水运工程学报,2002(4):1-6.
SHEN Zhu-jiang.Breakage Mechanics and Double-medium Model for Geological Materials[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2002(4):1-6.
[105] 沈珠江,胡再强.黄土的二元介质模型[J].水利学报,2003,34(7):1-6.
SHEN Zhu-jinag,HU Zai-qiang.Binary Medium Mo-del for Loess[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2003,34(7):1-6.
[106] 胡再强,沈珠江,谢定义.结构性黄土的本构模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(4):565-569.
HU Zai-qiang,SHEN Zhu-jiang,XIE Ding-yi.Constitutive Model of Structural Loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(4):565-569.
[107] 刘恩龙.岩土破损力学:结构块破损机制与二元介质模型[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增1):13-22,137.
LIU En-long.Breakage Mechanics for Geomaterials:Breakage Mechanism of Structural Blocks and Binary-medium Model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(S1):13-22,137.
[108] 王 番,郅 彬,刘恩龙,等.考虑局部胶结破损热力学行为的结构性黄土二元介质本构模型[J].岩土力学,2025,46(1):97-109.
WANG Pan,ZHI Bin,LIU En-long,et al.A Binary Medium Model for Structural Loess Considering Th-ermodynamic Behavior of Local Bonding Broken Pro-cess[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2025,46(1):97-109.
[109] FAN W,DENG L S,YUAN W N.Double Parameter Binary-medium Model of Fissured Loess[J].Engineering Geology,2018,236:22-28.
[110] YU M H.Unified Strength Theory and Its Applications[M].Berlin:Springer,2004.
[111] DENG L S,FAN W,YU M H.Parametric Study of a Loess Slope Based on Unified Strength Theory[J].Engineering Geology,2018,233:98-110.
[112] DENG L S,FAN W,CHANG Y P,et al.Determination and Influence of the Unified Strength Theory Parameter for Loess[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2020,79(19):445.
[113] LIANG J Y,LI Y M.A Macro-microscopic Coupled Consolidation Model for Saturated Porous Media with Compressible Constituents[J].Computers and Geo-technics,2021,140:104466.
[114] LIANG J Y,LI Y M,BAUER E.A Macro-microsco-pic Coupled Constitutive Model for Fluid-saturated Porous Media with Compressible Constituents[J].Transport in Porous Media,2022,141(2):379-416.
[115] LIANG J Y,BAUER E,FAN W,et al.A Coupled Poro-elasto-plastic Model for Saturated Porous Media:Ma-cro-microscopic Analysis[J].Rock Mechanics and Ro-ck Engineering,2025,58(5):4681-4699.
[116] 殷跃平,吴树仁.滑坡监测预警与应急防治技术研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
YIN Yue-ping,WU Shu-ren.Research on Landslide Monitoring,Early Warning,and Emergency Prevention and Control Technologies[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.
[117] ANGELI M G,PASUTO A,SILVANO S.A Critical Review of Landslide Monitoring Experiences[J].Engineering Geology,2000,55(3):133-147.
[118] 何满潮,任树林,陶志刚.滑坡地质灾害牛顿力远程监测预警系统及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2021,40(11):2161-2172.
HE Man-chao,REN Shu-lin,TAO Zhi-gang.Remote Monitoring and Forecasting System of Newton Force for Landslide Geological Hazards and Its Engineering Application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2021,40(11):2161-2172.
[119] 殷坤龙,张 宇,汪 洋.水库滑坡涌浪风险研究现状和灾害链风险管控实践[J].地质科技通报,2022,41(2):1-12.
YIN Kun-long,ZHANG Yu,WANG Yang.A Review of Landslide-generated Waves Risk and Practice of Management of Hazard Chain Risk from Reservoir Landslide[J].Bulletin of Geological Science and Te-chnology,2022,41(2):1-12.
[120] CASAGLI N,INTRIERI E,TOFANI V,et al.Landslide Detection,Monitoring and Prediction with Remote-sensing Techniques[J].Nature Reviews Ear-th & Environment,2023,4:51-64.
[121] 唐辉明.三峡库区滑坡与河谷协同演化机制[J].科学通报,2025,DOI:10.1360/TB-2024-1225.
TANG Hui-ming.Mechanism of the Coevolution of Landslides and River Valleys in the Three Gorges Re-servoir Area[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2025,DOI:10.1360/TB-2024-1225.
[122] 梁 鑫,殷坤龙,陈丽霞,等.库水位波动及降雨作用下巫峡干井子滑坡流-固耦合特征及稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2019,30(1):30-40.
LIANG Xin,YIN Kun-long,CHEN Li-xia,et al.Fl-ow-solid Coupling Characteristics and Stability Ana-lysis of Ganjingzi Landslide in the Wu Gorge Under Reservoir Water Level Fluctuation and Rainfall[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2019,30(1):30-40.
[123] 唐亚明.陕北黄土滑坡风险评价及监测预警技术方法研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2012.
TANG Ya-ming.Metods on Risk Assessment and Monitor & Early-warning for the Loess Landslide in North of Shaanxi[D].Beijing:China University of Geo-sciences,2012.
[124] 孙义杰,张 丹,童恒金,等.分布式光纤监测技术在三峡库区马家沟滑坡中的应用[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2013,24(4):97-102.
SUN Yi-jie,ZHANG Dan,TONG Heng-jin,et al.Research of Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing Technology in Monitoring of Majiagou Landslide of Three Gorges[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2013,24(4):97-102.
[125] TOFANI V,SEGONI S,AGOSTINI A,et al.Technical Note:Use of Remote Sensing for Landslide Stu-dies in Europe[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,2013,13(2):299-309.
[126] 李振洪,宋 闯,余 琛,等.卫星雷达遥感在滑坡灾害探测和监测中的应用:挑战与对策[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2019,44(7):967-979.
LI Zhen-hong,SONG Chuang,YU Chen,et al.Application of Satellite Radar Remote Sensing to Landslide Detection and Monitoring:Challenges and Solutions[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2019,44(7):967-979.
[127] 刘文涛,雷浩川,马 顺.基于数据同化理论的InSAR技术黄河上游滑坡监测预报[J].地质与资源,2024,33(2):230-236.
LIU Wen-tao,LEI Hao-chuan,MA Shun.Landslide Monitoring and Forecasting in Upper Yellow River by InSAR Technology Based on Data Assimilation Theory[J].Geology and Resources,2024,33(2):230-236.
[128] 刘秀敏,王 月,陈从新,等.地质结构影响下的金属矿山地压显现机制初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2022,41(12):2451-2459.
LIU Xiu-min,WANG Yue,CHEN Cong-xin,et al.Preliminary Study on the Occurrence Mechanism of Ground Pressure in Ironmines Under the Influence of Geological Discontinuities[J].Chinese Journal of Ro-ck Mechanics and Engineering,2022,41(12):2451-2459.
[129] 边世强.考虑水文时空异质性的水致滑坡演化过程与监测预警研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2024.
BIAN Shi-qiang.Research on the Evolution Process and Early Warning of Water-induced Landslides Considering Hydrological Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2024.
[130] 许 强.对滑坡监测预警相关问题的认识与思考[J].工程地质学报,2020,28(2):360-374.
XU Qiang.Understanding the Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning:Consideration to Practical Issues[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2020,28(2):360-374.
[131] 开迪尔丁·吾拉木,张紫昭,张艳阳,等.基于COMSOL Multiphysics的降雨型滑坡临界降雨阈值计算模型研究:以新疆新源县喀拉海依苏滑坡隐患体为例[J].工程地质学报,2023,31(4):1364-1374.
WULAMU Kaidi'erding,ZHANG Zi-zhao,ZHANG Yan-yang,et al.COMSOL Multiphysic Based Calculation Model of Critical Rainfall Threshold for Rainfall-induced Landslide:A Case Study of Karahayisu Landslide in Xinyuan County,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2023,31(4):1364-1374.
[132] 宋宇飞,曹琰波,范 文,等.基于贝叶斯方法的降雨诱发滑坡概率型预警模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2023,42(3):558-574.
SONG Yu-fei,CAO Yan-bo,FAN Wen,et al.Probabilistic Early Warning Model for Rainfall-induced Landslides Based on Bayesian Approach[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2023,42(3):558-574.
[133] 谢谟文,江崎哲郎,周国云.基于边坡单元的三维滑坡灾害评价的GIS方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(6):969-976.
XIE Mo-wen,TETSURO E,ZHOU Guo-yun.GIS Method for Slope-unit-based 3D Landslide Hazard Evaluation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(6):969-976.
[134] LIN W,YIN K L,WANG N T,et al.Landslide Ha-zard Assessment of Rainfall-induced Landslide Based on the CF-SINMAP Model:A Case Study from Wu-ling Mountain in Hunan Province,China[J].Nature Hazards,2021,106:679-700.
[135] IVERSON R M.Landslide Triggering by Rain Infiltration[J].Water Resources Research,2000,36(7):1897-1910.
[136] FAN L F,LEHMANN P,OR D.Effects of Hydromechanical Loading History and Antecedent Soil Mechanical Damage on Shallow Landslide Triggering[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Earth Surface,2015,120(10):1990-2015.
[137] CAMPBELL R H.Soil Slips,Debris Flows,and Rainstorms in the Santa Monica Mountains and Vicinity,Southern California[R].Washington DC:U.S.Go-vernment Printing Office,1975.
[138] BRAND E W,PREMCHITT J,PHILLIPSON H.Relationship Between Rainfall and Landslides in Hong Kong[C]∥Canadian Geotechnical Society.Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Landslides.Toronto:Canadian Geotechnical Society,1984:276-284.
[139] MALONE A W.The Role of Government in Landslide Disaster Prevention in Hong Kong and Indonesia[J].Geotechnical Engineering,1988,19:227-252.
[140] CHAN R K S,PANG P L R,PUN W K.Recent Developments in the Landslip Warning System in Hong Kong[M]∥HO K K S.Proceedings of the 14th Sou-theast Asian Geotechnical Conference.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2003:141-147.
[141] BAUM R L,GODT J W.Early Warning of Rainfall-induced Shallow Landslides and Debris Flows in the USA[J].Landslides,2010,7(3):259-272.
[142] ROSSI M,KIRSCHBAUM D,LUCIANI S,et al.TRMM Satellite Rainfall Estimates for Landslide Ear-ly Warning in Italy:Preliminary Results[R].Newton:SPIE,2012.
[143] ROSSI M,MARCHESINI I,TONELLI G,et al.TXT-tool 2.039-1.1 Italian National Early Warning System [M]∥SASSA K,GUZZETTI F,YAMAGISHI H,et al.Landslide Dynamics:ISDR-ICL Landslide Interactive Teaching Tools.Cham:Springer,2018:341-349.
[144] 刘传正,刘艳辉,温铭生,等.中国地质灾害气象预警实践:2003～2012[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2015,26(1):1-8.
LIU Chuan-zheng,LIU Yan-hui,WEN Ming-sheng,et al.Early Warning for Regional Geo-hazards During 2003-2012,China[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2015,26(1):1-8.
[145] 刘传正,刘艳辉.地质灾害区域预警原理与显式预警系统设计研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2007,34(6):109-115,125.
LIU Chuan-zheng,LIU Yan-hui.Early Warning Th-eory for Regional Geo-hazards and Design of Explicit Statistical System[J].Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2007,34(6):109-115,125.
[146] 刘传正,温铭生,唐 灿.中国地质灾害气象预警初步研究[J].地质通报,2004,23(4):303-309.
LIU Chuan-zheng,WEN Ming-sheng,TANG Can.Meteorological Early Waring of Geo-hazards in China Based on Raining Forcast[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2004,23(4):303-309.
[147] 刘艳辉,刘传正,连建发,等.基于显式统计原理的地质灾害区域预警方法初步研究[J].中国地质,2008,35(2):344-350.
LIU Yan-hui,LIU Chuan-zheng,LIAN Jian-fa,et al.Method of Regional Early Warning of Geohazards Based on the Explicit Statistical Theory[J].Geology in China,2008,35(2):344-350.
[148] 刘艳辉,刘传正,温铭生,等.中国地质灾害气象预警模型研究[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(4):738-746.
LIU Yan-hui,LIU Chuan-zheng,WEN Ming-sheng,et al.Study of Early Warning Models for Regional Geo-hazards in China[J].Journal of Engineering Geo-logy,2015,23(4):738-746.
[149] 宋宇飞.降雨诱发浅层滑坡危险性评价及早期预警模型研究[D].西安:长安大学,2023.
SONG Yu-fei.Rainfall-induced Shallow Landslide Ha-zard Assessment and Early Warning Research[D].Xi'an:Chang'an Univer

相似文献/References:

[1]谢和平,邓建辉,李碧雄.四川芦山地震灾害调查与灾后重建的相关问题分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(02):1.
　XIE He-ping,DENG Jian-hui,LI Bi-xiong.Investigation of Lushan Earthquake Disasters and Analysis of Related Problems During Post-quake Reconstruction in Sichuan[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2013,35(03):1.
[2]门玉明,韩冬冬,王海英,等.计算锚索抗滑桩变形及内力的一种新方法[J].地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(01):90.
　MEN Yu-ming,HAN Dong-dong,WANG Hai-ying.New Method for Calculating Deformation and Internal Force of Anchor Anti-slide Pile[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2013,35(03):90.
[3]马超,胡凯衡,宋国虎,等.汶川地震灾区帽壳子滑坡形成泥石流的过程和特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(04):98.
　MA Chao,HU Kai-heng,SONG Guo-hu,et al.Processes and Characteristics of Debris Flows Induced by Maoqiaozi Landslide in Wenchuan Earthquake Stricken Area[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2013,35(03):98.
[4]苏生瑞,张永双,李松,等.汶川地震引发高速远程滑坡运动机理数值模拟研究——以谢家店子滑坡为例[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(03):277.
　SU Sheng-rui,ZHANG Yong-shuang,LI Song,et al.Numerical Analysis on Motion Mechanism of Highspeed and Long Runout Landslide by Wenchuan Earthquake——Taking Xiejiadianzi Landslide as an Example[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2010,32(03):277.
[5]邵勇,覃仁辉.预应力锚索框架梁边坡支护数值模拟[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(03):307.
　SHAO Yong,QIN Ren-hui.Numerical Simulation of Slope Supporting for Prestressed Anchor with Frame Beam[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2010,32(03):307.
[6]楚敬龙,王金生,滕彦国,等.基于GIS的滑坡灾害危险性区划研究——以重庆市万州区为例[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(04):409.
　CHU Jing-long,WANG Jin-sheng,TENG Yan-guo,et al.Study on Landslide Hazard Zonation Based on GIS——Taking Wanzhou District of Chongqing City as an Example[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2010,32(03):409.
[7]罗丽娟,赵法锁,王爱忠.某变质岩滑坡及支护结构变形破坏特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(02):177.
　LUO Li-juan,ZHAO Fa-suo,WANG Ai-zhong.Deformation Character of Landslide and Its Supporting Structure in Area of Metamorphic Rocks[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2008,30(03):177.
[8]贺汇文,龙建辉,苏生瑞,等.某高速公路滑坡的数值模拟 及后缘坡体稳定性分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(02):183.
　HE Hui-wen,LONG Jian-hui,SU Sheng-rui,et al.Numerical Simulation of Expressway Landslide and Its Rear Edge Stability[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2008,30(03):183.
[9]张常亮,李同录,胡仁众.滑坡滑动面抗剪强度指标的敏感性分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2007,29(02):188.
　ZHANG Chang-liang,LI Tong-lu,H U Ren-zhong.Sensibility Analysis of Shearing Strength Parameters of Sliding Surface of Landslide[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2007,29(03):188.
[10]龙建辉,李同录,蒋丽君.滑坡监测远程无线数据传输系统研制[J].地球科学与环境学报,2007,29(02):192.
　LONG Jian-hui,LI Tong-lu,JIANG Li-jun.Developing of Long-Distance Wireless Datum Transfer System for Landslide Monitoring[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2007,29(03):192.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2025-04-12; 修回日期:2025-05-04
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3003400); 国家自然科学基金项目(42220104005,42472348,42372314)
*通信作者:范 文(1967-),男,内蒙古武川人,教授,博士研究生导师,工学博士,博士后,E-mail:fanwen@chd.edu.cn。

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-06-20