«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第47卷

期数:

2025年第05期

页码:

901-911

栏目:

基础地质与矿床地质

出版日期:

2025-10-01

文章信息/Info

Title:

Characteristics of Clay Minerals in the Ore-bearing Sandstones of the Lower Member of Huanhe Formation in Xinzhuang Area of Ordos Basin, China and Their Significance for Uranium Mineralization

文章编号:

1672-6561(2025)05-0901-11

作者:

张良^1*; 武正乾¹; 刘坤鹏¹; 王晓鹏¹; 魏正宇²; 裴柳宁¹; 毛宁¹; 王奇辉¹; 冯博¹

(1. 核工业二〇三研究所,陕西 西安 710086; 2. 山东正元地质勘查院,山东 济南 250101)

Author(s):

ZHANG Liang^1*;  WU Zheng-qian¹;  LIU Kun-peng¹;  WANG Xiao-peng¹;  WEI Zheng-yu²; PEI Liu-ning¹;  MAO Ning¹;  WANG Qi-hui¹;  FENG Bo¹

(1. No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry, Xi'an 710086, Shaanxi, China; 2. Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, Jinan 250101, Shandong, China)

关键词:

矿物学;  地球化学;  黏土矿物;  砂岩型铀矿;  环河组;  下白垩统;  鄂尔多斯盆地

Keywords:

petrology;  geochemistry;  clay mineral;  sandstone-type uranium deposit;  Huanhe Formation;  Lower Cretaceous;  Ordos Basin

分类号:

P57; P619.14

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2024.08031

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

新庄矿产地位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南部,是近年来盆地南部发现的大型砂岩型铀矿产地,含矿层位为下白垩统环河组下段。该矿产地主要开展了成矿环境、矿化特征及控矿因素等宏观方面研究,尚未对含矿砂岩黏土矿物开展系统研究工作。在系统地质编录基础上,按氧化强度从强(红色砂岩)→弱(黄色砂岩)→过渡(灰色含矿砂岩)→还原(原生灰色砂岩)系统采集岩矿石样品开展显微镜下鉴定、扫描电镜、X射线衍射等分析。结果表明:新庄地区环河组下段砂岩中黏土矿物总体含量低(介于0.8%～1.7%,平均值为1.1%),不同分带砂岩黏土矿物组成基本一致,主要为伊利石,次为绿泥石及少量伊/蒙混层; 从红色砂岩→黄色砂岩→灰色含矿砂岩→原生灰色砂岩表现为绿泥石和伊/蒙混层相对含量逐渐增多,伊利石逐渐减少的特征,伊利石与绿泥石、伊/蒙混层相对含量存在明显负相关关系; 铀富集成矿过程中黏土矿物可以吸附部分铀,考虑到黏土矿物总体含量低的影响,其可能不是铀富集成矿的主要原因; 伊利石向绿泥石及伊/蒙混层的转化过程,代表了碱性→弱碱性流体作用过程,未见突变的环境变化,加之受还原介质及黏土矿物总体含量低的影响,可能导致矿化强度不高,从而形成整体品位较低、厚度大、倾向延伸远的板状铀矿体。

Abstract:

The Xinzhuang ore deposit is located in the southwestern of Ordos Basin, and is a large sandstone-type uranium deposit discovered in the southern part of the basin in recent years. The ore-bearing horizon is the lower member of Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation. Currently, the research has mainly focused on the aspects such as mineralization environment, ore characteristics, and controlling factors of ore formation, but a systematic study on clay minerals in ore-bearing sandstone has not yet been conducted. Based on regional geological compilation, rock samples were systematically collected according to oxidation intensity in a sequence of strong(red sandstone), weak(yellow sandstone), transitional(gray ore-bearing sandstone)and reduced(primary gray sandstone), and were measured by microscopic identification, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The results show that the total content of clay minerals in the lower segment sandstone of Huanhe Formation in Xinzhuang area is low(ranging from 0.8% to 1.7% with an average of 1.1%); the composition of clay minerals in sandstone of different zones is basically consistent, mainly including illite, followed by chlorite, and a small amount of illite/smectite mixed-layer minerals; the relative content of chlorite and illite/smectite mixed-layer minerals gradually increases, while that of illite decreases in a sequence of red sandstone, yellow sandstone, gray ore-bearing sandstone and primary gray sandstone; there is a significant negative correlation between the relative contents of illite and chlorite, as well as illite/smectite mixed-layer minerals; during the process of uranium enrichment and mineralization, clay minerals can adsorb part of the uranium, but they are not the primary cause of uranium enrichment and mineralization; the transformation of illite into chlorite and illite/smectite mixed-layer minerals represents the process of alkaline to weakly alkaline fluid action, without abrupt environmental changes; additionally, influenced by reducing media and low clay mineral content, the intensity of mineralization may be low, potentially leading to a tabular uranium orebody with overall low grade, large thickness, and long dip extension.

参考文献/References:

[1] 何中波,胡宝群,冀华丽,等.鄂尔多斯镇原地区下白垩统砂岩地球化学特征及其对物源区、构造背景的指示[J].地质论评,2024,70(4):1291-1313.
HE Zhong-bo,HU Bao-qun,JI Hua-li,et al.Geoche-mical Characteristics of Lower Cretaceous in Zhen-yuan Area of Ordos Basin and Its Indication to Provenance and Tectonic Setting[J].Geological Review,2024,70(4):1291-1313.
[2] 贺 锋,张字龙,武正乾,等.砂岩型铀矿“源-汇”系统[J].世界核地质科学,2024,41(3):419-433.
HE Feng,ZHANG Zi-long,WU Zheng-qian,et al.Source-to-sink System of Sandstone Uranium Minera-lization[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2024,41(3):419-433.
[3] 刘持恒,贺 锋,李子颖,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部晚中生代—新生代盆山转换及构造-沉积响应[J].铀矿地质,2023,39(6):875-891.
LIU Chi-heng,HE Feng,LI Zi-ying,et al.Transformation of Basin-mountain Structure and the Tectonic-sedimentary Response in the Southwestern Ordos Basin in Late Mesozoic to Cenozoic[J].Uranium Geology,2023,39(6):875-891.
[4] 刘持恒,李子颖,贺 锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部古构造指示的构造-沉积过程及砂岩型铀成矿意义[J].铀矿地质,2024,40(1):29-40.
LIU Chi-heng,LI Zi-ying,HE Feng,et al.Tectonic-sedimentary Process and Significance of Sandstone-type Uranium Mineralization Indicated by the Paleotectonic Reconstruction in the Southwestern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2024,40(1):29-40.
[5] 权建平,武正乾,毛 宁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇原地区铀成矿地质特征与控矿因素分析[J].铀矿地质,2023,39(6):950-959.
QUAN Jian-ping,WU Zheng-qian,MAO Ning,et al.Analysis of Geological Characteristics and Control Factors of Uranium Mineralization in the Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation in Zhenyuan Area,Southern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2023,39(6):950-959.
[6] 武正乾,胡永兴,刘坤鹏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇原地区环河组下段赋矿砂岩基本特征与铀成矿作用[J].铀矿地质,2023,39(6):960-969.
WU Zheng-qian,HU Yong-xing,LIU Kun-peng,et al.Basic Feature of Mineralization Host Rocks and Its Relation to Uranium Metallogenesis in Zhenyuan,Southern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2023,39(6):960-969.
[7] 林锦荣,李子颖,衣龙升,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部白垩系砂岩型铀矿矿化特征及分带性研究[J].铀矿地质,2023,39(6):904-918.
LIN Jin-rong,LI Zi-ying,YI Long-sheng,et al.Study of the Characteristics and Zonation of Sandstone Hosted Uranium Mineralization in Cretaceous of Southwestern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2023,39(6):904-918.
[8] 张字龙,贺 锋,李子颖,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部镇原地区志丹群铀矿石物质组成特征[J].铀矿地质,2023,39(6):892-903.
ZHANG Zi-long,HE Feng,LI Zi-ying,et al.Material Composition Characteristics of Uranium Ore of Zhidan Group in Zhenyuan Area,Southwest Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2023,39(6):892-903.
[9] 张 博,苗培森,肖克炎,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘彭阳铀矿地质特征、成矿规律及找矿标志[J].地球学报,2023,44(5):897-908.
ZHANG Bo,MIAO Pei-sen,XIAO Ke-yan,et al.Geo-logical Characteristics,Metallogenic Regularity and Prospecting Criteria of Pengyang Uranium Deposit in the Southwest Margin of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2023,44(5):897-908.
[10] 毛 宁,武正乾,刘坤鹏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区下白垩统环河组砂岩铀矿元素地球化学特征及成矿探讨[J].中国锰业,2022,40(4):41-47.
MAO Ning,WU Zheng-qian,LIU Kun-peng,et al.Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenic Exploration of Uranium Deposits in Sandstones of Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation in Zhenyuan Area,Ordos Basin[J].China Manganese Industry,2022,40(4):41-47.
[11] 邱林飞,李子颖,贺 锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部下白垩统铀矿化砂岩中有机质特征及其与铀成矿的关系[J].铀矿地质,2024,40(1):41-56.
QIU Lin-fei,LI Zi-ying,HE Feng,et al.Characteristics of Organic Matter in Lower Cretaceous Ore-bearing Sandstone and Its Relationship with Uranium Mineralization in Southwestern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2024,40(1):41-56.
[12] 王婷婷,邱林飞,贺 锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部下白垩统赋矿砂岩中有机质地球化学特征及其来源[J].铀矿地质,2024,40(1):57-70.
WANG Ting-ting,QIU Lin-fei,HE Feng,et al.Geochemical Characteristics and Organic Matter Source in the Lower Cretaceous U-bearing Sandstones in Southwestern Ordos Basin[J].Uranium Geology,2024,40(1):57-70.
[13] 刘池洋,赵红格,王 锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘(部)中生代构造属性[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):737-747.
LIU Chi-yang,ZHAO Hong-ge,WANG Feng,et al.Attributes of the Mesozoic Structure on the West Margin of the Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(6):737-747.
[14] 张义平,陈宣华,张 进,等.印支运动在鄂尔多斯盆地和四川盆地启动时间的讨论:来自生长地层的证据[J].中国地质,2019,46(5):1021-1038.
ZHANG Yi-ping,CHEN Xuan-hua,ZHANG Jin,et al.Discussion on the Initial Timing of the Indosinian Movement in the Ordos Basin and the Sichuan Basin:Constraints from Growth Strata Evidence[J].Geology in China,2019,46(5):1021-1038.
[15] 邓 军,王庆飞,黄定华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地基底演化及其对盖层控制作用[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):91-99.
DENG Jun,WANG Qing-fei,HUANG Ding-hua,et al.Basement Evolution of the Ordos Basin and Its Constraint on Cap Rock[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):91-99.
[16] 刘坤鹏,武正乾,于宏伟,等.鄂尔多斯盆地镇原—盐池地区铀矿资源调查评价成果报告[R].西安:核工业二〇三研究所,2024.
LIU Kun-peng,WU Zheng-qian,YU Hong-wei,et al.Report on the Evaluation of Uranium Resources in the Zhenyuan-Yanchi Area of the Ordos Basin[R].Xi'an:No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry,2024.
[17] SY/T 5163—2018,沉积岩中黏土矿物和常见非黏土矿物X射线衍射分析方法[S].
SY/T 5163—2018,Analysis Method for Minerals and Ordinary Non-clay Minerals in Sedimentary Rocks by the X-ray Diffraction[S].
[18] GB/T 17361—2013,微束分析、沉积岩中自生黏土矿物鉴定、扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪方法[S].
GB/T 17361—2013,Microbean Analysis-identification of Authigenic Clay Mineral in Sedimentary Rock Method by Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer[S].
[19] 孙庆峰,COLIN C,陈发虎,等.气候环境变化研究中影响黏土矿物形成及其丰度因素的讨论[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2011,30(2):291-300.
SUN Qing-feng,COLIN C,CHEN Fa-hu,et al.A Discussion on the Factors Affecting Formation and Quantity of Clay Minerals in Climatic and Environmental Researches[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogi-ca,2011,30(2):291-300.
[20] 孙庆峰,陈发虎,COLIN C,等.黏土矿物在气候环境变化研究中的应用进展[J].矿物学报,2011,31(1):146-152.
SUN Qing-feng,CHEN Fa-hu,COLIN C,et al.Application Progress of Clay Minerals in the Researches of Climate and Environment[J].Acta Mineralogica Si-nica,2011,31(1):146-152.
[21] GINGELE F X,DE DECKKER P D,NORMAN M.Late Pleistocene and Holocene Climate of SE Austra-lia Reconstructed from Dust and River Loads Deposited Offshore the River Murray Mouth[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2007,255(3/4):257-272.
[22] VANDERAVEROET P.Miocene to Pleistocene Clay Mineral Sedimentation on the New Jersey Shelf[J].Oceanologica Acta,2000,23(1):25-36.
[23] 王奇辉,胥国龙,武正乾,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部新庄铀矿产地矿石工艺矿物学及物性参数特征研究报告[R].西安:核工业二〇三研究所,2024.
WANG Qi-hui,XU Guo-long,WU Zheng-qian,et al.Research Report on the Characteristics of Ore Technological Mineralogy and Physical Properties Parameters at Xinzhuang Uranium Deposit in the Southern Ordos Basin[R].Xi'an:No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry,2024.
[24] 单芝波,雷安贵,宋柏荣,等.松辽盆地钱家店地区姚家组砂岩黏土矿物特征及其与铀矿化的关系[J].中国地质,2022,49(1):271-283.
SHAN Zhi-bo,LEI An-gui,SONG Bai-rong,et al.Features of Clay Minerals in the Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation Sandstones of the Qianjiadian Area in the Songliao Basin and Its Relation to Uranium Mi-neralization[J].Geology in China,2022,49(1):271-283.
[25] 张 晓,李晓翠,秦明宽,等.蒙其古尔铀矿床砂岩中黏土矿物特征及其与铀矿化的关系[J].铀矿地质,2013,29(2):78-85.
ZHANG Xiao,LI Xiao-cui,QIN Ming-kuan,et al.Feature of Clay Minerals in Mengqigu'er Uranium Deposit and Its Relation to Uranium Mineralization[J].Uranium Geology,2013,29(2):78-85.
[26] 秦明宽,王正邦,赵瑞全.伊犁盆地512铀矿床黏土矿物特征与铀成矿作用[J].地球科学,1998,23(5):508-512.
QIN Ming-kuan,WANG Zheng-bang,ZHAO Rui-quan.Characteristics of Clay Minerals and Their Relationships with Uranium Mineralization in Uranium Deposit No.512,Yili Basin[J].Earth Science,1998,23(5):508-512.
[27] 刘铭艳,张占峰.伊犁盆地南缘水西沟群黏土矿物特征研究及其意义[J].铀矿地质,2007,23(5):275-282.
LIU Ming-yan,ZHANG Zhan-feng.Study on the Cha-racteristics of Clay Minerals in Shuixigou Group at the South Edge of Yili Basin and Its Significance[J].Uranium Geology,2007,23(5):275-282.
[28] 贺 锋,刘持恒,李西得.砂岩型铀矿多重耦合地质成矿作用与时空定位子课题成果报告[R].北京:核工业北京地质研究院,2024.
HE Feng,LIU Chi-heng,LI Xi-de.Report on the Achievements of the Sub-project Multi-coupled Geological Mineralization Processes and Spatio-temporal Localization of Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits[R].Beijing:Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,2024.
[29] 朱 强,李建国,苗培森,等.鄂尔多斯盆地镇原地区洛河组黏土矿物特征及找铀意义[J].大地构造与成矿学,2020,44(4):619-632.
ZHU Qiang,LI Jian-guo,MIAO Pei-sen,et al.Cha-racteristics of Clay Minerals in the Luohe Formation in Zhenyuan Area,Ordos Basin,and Its Uranium Pro-specting Significance[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2020,44(4):619-632.
[30] 李建国,金若时,张 博,等.松辽盆地西南部上白垩统姚家组原生黏土矿物组合特征及其找铀意义[J].地球学报,2018,39(3):295-305.
LI Jian-guo,JIN Ruo-shi,ZHANG Bo,et al.Characteristics of Primary Clay Minerals in the Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation of Southwest Songliao Basin and Their Significance[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2018,39(3):295-305.
[31] 陈 阳,程宏飞,邓宇涛,等.黏土矿物对铀的吸附作用研究进展[J].化工矿产地质,2015,37(2):93-98.
CHEN Yang,CHENG Hong-fei,DENG Yu-tao,et al.Progress in Uranium Adsorption by Clay Minerals[J].Geology of Chemical Minerals,2015,37(2):93-98.
[32] 黄俊文,冷阳春,宋怡婷,等.绿泥石对U(Ⅵ)的吸附特征研究[J].四川大学学报(自然科学版),2019,56(2):313-317.
HUANG Jun-wen,LENG Yang-chun,SONG Yi-ting,et al.Study on Sorption of Chlorite to Uranium(Ⅵ)[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Natural Science Edition),2019,56(2):313-317.

相似文献/References:

[1]李沛刚,王登红,雷志远,等.贵州大竹园大型铝土矿稀土元素地球化学特征及其意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2012,34(02):31.
　LI Pei-gang,WANG Deng-hong,LEI Zhi-yuan,et al.Geochemical Characteristic of Rare Earth Element in Dazhuyuan Large-scale Bauxite Deposit of Guizhou Province and Its Significance[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2012,34(05):31.
[2]王永,周赤华,姚培毅,等.内蒙古中部必鲁图晚更新世晚期环境演变的沉积记录[J].地球科学与环境学报,2012,34(03):62.
　WANG Yong,ZHOU Chi-hua,YAO Pei-yi,et al.Sedimentary Record of Environmental Evolution Since Late Stage of Late Pleistocene in Bilutu of Central Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2012,34(05):62.
[3]韩照信,栾丽君,王朝友.锌绿松石矿物学研究[J].地球科学与环境学报,2004,26(02):24.
　HAN Zhao-xin,LUAN Li-jun,WANG Chao-you.Research on mineralogy of faustite[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2004,26(05):24.
[4]田振东,冷成彪,张兴春,等.青藏高原义敦岩浆弧前寒武系变质岩绿泥石矿物学特征及其地质意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2018,40(01):36.
　TIAN Zhen-dong,LENG Cheng-biao,ZHANG Xing-chun,et al.Mineralogical Characteristics of Chlorites from Precambrian Metamorphic Rocks in Yidun Magmatic Arc of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Their Geological Implications[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2018,40(05):36.
[5]闫盼盼,梁婷*,徐生发,等.皖南竹溪岭花岗闪长岩的岩浆源区:来自矿物学、地球化学证据[J].地球科学与环境学报,2019,41(02):141.
　YAN Pan-pan,LIANG Ting*,XU Sheng-fa,et al.Tracer Origin of Zhuxiling Granodiorite in the Southern Anhui, China: Evidence from Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2019,41(05):141.
[6]毛龙江,郭爱鹏,杜吉净,等.湖南澧水下游表层沉积物稀土元素特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2019,41(03):352.
　MAO Long-jiang,GUO Ai-peng,DU Ji-jing,et al.REE Characteristics of the Surface Sediments in the Lower Reaches of Lishui River, Hunan, China[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2019,41(05):352.
[7]李强,杨富全*,杨成栋.新疆阿尔泰大喀拉苏花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2019,41(04):396.
　LI Qiang,YANG Fu-quan*,YANG Cheng-dong.Geochronology and Geochemical Characteristics of Dakalasu Granite in Altay of Xinjiang, China and Their Tectonic Significance[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2019,41(05):396.
[8]马涛,鲁有朋,代俊峰*,等.西秦岭多哇地区萨日加岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2020,42(02):231.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2019.10052]
　MA Tao,LU You-peng,DAI Jun-feng*,et al.LA-ICP-MS Zircon U-Pb Ages and Geochemical Characteristics of Sarijia Intrusion in Duowa Area of West Qinling, China and Their Geological Implications[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2020,42(05):231.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2019.10052]
[9]陈贵民,刘俊辰,王义天*,等.西昆仑苏纳克早古生代花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2020,42(04):427.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2020.03026]
　CHEN Gui-min,LIU Jun-chen,WANG Yi-tian*,et al.Zircon U-Pb Dating and Geochemical Characteristics of Early Paleozoic Granite in the Southern Sunake of West Kunlun, Northwest China and Their Geological Significances[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2020,42(05):427.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2020.03026]
[10]周北昱,李盼,曾雯*,等.湖北峡东地区奥陶系南津关组灰岩中硅质岩地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2020,42(04):464.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2020.01028]
　ZHOU Bei-yu,LI Pan,ZENG Wen*,et al.Geochemistry Characteristics of Cherts from Ordovician Nanjinguan Formation Limestone in the Eastern Yangtze Gorges Area of Hubei, China and Their Implications for Sedimentary Environment[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2020,42(05):464.[doi:10.19814/j.jese.2020.01028]

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2024-08-28; 修回日期:2024-10-09
基金项目:中国核工业地质局铀矿地质项目(202217,202417-2,202417-1)
*通信作者:张 良(1988-),男,江西九江人,高级工程师,E-mail:466055188@qq.com。

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-01