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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第43卷

期数:

2021年第01期

页码:

100-116

栏目:

基础地质与矿产地质

出版日期:

2021-01-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Relationship Between Undercooling and Emplacement of Rare-element Pegmatites—Thinking Based on Field Observations and Pegmatite Geochronology

作者:

凤永刚¹; 2; 梁 婷¹; 2; 雷如雄¹; 鞠明辉¹; 张忠利³; 高景刚¹; 周 义¹; 吴昌志¹

(1. 长安大学 地球科学与资源学院,陕西 西安 710054; 2. 长安大学 成矿作用及其动力学实验室,陕西 西安 710054; 3. 新疆维吾尔自治区有色地质勘探局七〇六队,新疆 阿勒泰 836500)

Author(s):

FENG Yong-gang¹; 2;  LIANG Ting¹; 2;  LEI Ru-xiong¹;  JU Ming-hui¹;  ZHANG Zhong-li³;  GAO Jing-gang¹;  ZHOU Yi¹;  WU Chang-zhi¹

(1. School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 2. Laboratory of Mineralization and Dynamics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 3. No.706 Geological Team, Xinjiang Nonferrous Geoexploration Bureau, Altay 836500, Xinjiang, China)

关键词:

稀有金属伟晶岩;  花岗岩;  结晶过程;  过度冷却;  侵位模式;  围岩;  铌钽铁矿U-Pb年代学;  新疆

Keywords:

Key words: rare-metal pegmatite;  granite;  crystallization process;  undercooling;  emplacement model;  wall rock;  columbite U-Pb geochronology;  Xinjiang

分类号:

P588.13⁺1

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2020.11027

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

稀有金属伟晶岩的结晶过程是认识其成矿作用的重要方面。前人利用冷却模型所推测出的侵入变质围岩的伟晶岩冷却时间为几天至几千年,但对侵位于花岗岩中伟晶岩的结晶过程缺乏相关研究。基于此,对新疆大喀拉苏及镜儿泉地区稀有金属伟晶岩的野外地质观察及年代学研究显示,两处伟晶岩的侵位模式不同,侵位时花岗岩围岩的温度有别。大喀拉苏1号伟晶岩(年龄为(248.4±2.1)～(228.4±0.3)Ma)主要侵位于较冷花岗岩围岩(年龄为(261.4±2.1)Ma)的席理面,边缘可能出现过度冷却。最新铌钽铁矿U-Pb年代学显示,镜儿泉1号锂辉石伟晶岩形成时代为(250.8±1.0)Ma,熔体侵位于温度较高的花岗岩(年龄为(252.9±1.9)Ma)内部断层,其冷却结晶受花岗岩温度及区域地热梯度制约,冷却时间可能超过3 Ma。综上所述,过度冷却模型的适用性、铌钽铁矿U-Pb同位素体系的封闭温度都需要进一步研究,以解释同位素年龄与冷却模型所得结晶时间的显著差异。

Abstract:

Crystallization processes of rare-element pegmatites are one of the key aspects in understanding pegmatite-hosted mineralization. Based on the undercooling model proposed in previous studies, the cooling time for rare-element pegmatites intruded into metamorphic rocks was estimated to be several days to several thousand years. The model, however, has not fully addressed the cooling and crystallization of rare-element pegmatites hosted by granites. Field observations and geochronology of two representative rare-element pegmatites hosted by granites in Dakalasu and Jing’erquan areas of Xinjiang illustrate that their emplacement models are different, and the granite wall rocks are at different temperatures during the moment of their emplacement. Dakalasu No.1 pegmatite(formed from(248.4±2.1)Ma to(228.4±0.3)Ma)is emplaced into the sheeting joints of a relatively cold host granite(formed at(261.4±2.1)Ma), and undercooling likely occurs in the marginal zone of the pegmatite. By contrast, the latest columbite U-Pb chronology shows that Jing’erquan No.1 spodumene pegmatite(formed at(250.8±1.0)Ma)is intruded in a relatively hot granite(formed at(252.9±1.9)Ma)through a fault. The cooling and crystallization of the pegmatite in Jing’erquan area is likely controlled by the temperature of the granite and the regional geothermal gradient, indicating a cooling history over 3 Ma. Therefore, the undercooling model and the closure temperature for the columbite U-Pb isotopic systematics need further investigation to solve the discrepancies between isotopic ages and the cooling time based on the modeling.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2020-11-13; 修回日期:2020-12-26投稿网址:http:∥jese.chd.edu.cn/
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重大研究计划项目(9196220013); 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0605202)
作者简介:凤永刚(1984-),男,安徽宣城人,副教授,理学博士,博士后,E-mail:ygfeng@chd.edu.cn。

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