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[1]王丹,吴柏林,寸小妮,等.柴达木盆地多种能源矿产同盆共存及其地质意义[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015,37(03):55-67.
　WANG Dan,WU Bai-lin,CUN Xiao-ni,et al.Coexistence of Multiple Energy Minerals in Qaidam Basin and Its Geological Significance[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2015,37(03):55-67.
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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:
第37卷
期数:
2015年第03期
页码:
55-67
栏目:
基础地质与矿产地质
出版日期:
2015-05-15

文章信息/Info

Title:
Coexistence of Multiple Energy Minerals in Qaidam Basin and Its Geological Significance
文章编号:
1672-6561(2015)03-0055-13
作者:
王丹; 吴柏林; 寸小妮; 孙莉; 徐梓皋; 詹杰; 袁康
西北大学 地质学系，陕西 西安 710069
Author(s):
WANG Dan;  WU Bai-lin;  CUN Xiao-ni;  SUN Li;  XU Zi-gao;  ZHAN Jie;  YUAN Kang
Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, China
关键词:
能源矿产; 共存富集; 石油; 天然气; 煤; 铀矿; 时空分布; 柴达木盆地
Keywords:
energy mineral;  coexistence and accumulation;  oil;  natural gas;  coal;  uranium deposit;  temporal-spatial distribution;  Qaidam Basin
分类号:
P618.1
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
柴达木盆地是中国石油、天然气、煤和铀等多种能源矿产同盆共存的盆地之一。在平面分布上，目前已进入勘探开发阶段的油气藏分布于柴达木盆地西部、北缘及东部地区，煤和砂岩型铀矿分布在盆地北缘；在赋存层位上，石油及部分天然气（油型气、煤成气）以侏罗系煤系地层为源岩，以侏罗系、古近系—新近系为储层，煤赋存于侏罗系大煤沟组和小煤沟组，已知的铀矿化位于侏罗系、古近系—新近系地层。结合单种能源矿产的时空分布特征以及相互之间的组合形式，柴达木盆地石油、天然气、煤和砂岩型铀矿等多种能源矿产在空间上有明显的同盆共存关系，且在成藏成矿中相互作用。柴达木盆地西北地区石油与天然气、柴达木盆地北缘煤与煤成气呈同盆共存关系；柴达木盆地北缘铀矿化发育在煤层之上且在油气运移指向的边部有多个铀矿化点，油气及煤系地层为其提供还原剂。通过柴达木盆地北缘烃源岩生烃模拟试验，元素U及其伴生元素（Mn、Mo、V和Cs）的富集对烃源岩生烃有明显的催化作用，表现为生烃量大幅度增加和生烃高峰提前。综上所述，有机矿产对无机铀矿的形成起到了重要的还原作用，无机铀矿及其伴生元素对于有机油气的生成有明显的催化作用。
Abstract:
Qaidam Basin is one of coexistence basins of multiple energy minerals including oil, natural gas, coal and uranium in China. According to the plane distribution, petroleum reservoirs developed distribute in the west, north margin and east of Qaidam Basin, coal and sandstone type of uranium deposit distribute in north margin; according to the occurrence layer, the hydrocarbon source rocks of oils and part gases including oil-type gas and coal-bed gas are from Jurassic coal strata, and the reservoirs are mainly Jurassic and Paleogene-Neogene, and coal is hosted in Jurassic Dameigou Formation and Xiaomeigou Formation, and uranium mineralization develops in Jurassic and Paleogene-Neogene. Combined with the temporal-spatial distribution of single energy mineral and the composition form between them, multiple energy minerals including oil, natural gas, coal and sandstone type of uranium deposit have significant coexistence in Qaidam Basin and have interaction between them. There are coexistence between oil and gas in the northwest of Qaidam Basin and between coal and coal-bed gas in the north margin; uranium mineralization develops above coal-bearing strata in the north margin of Qaidam Basin, and there are several uranium mineralized points in the edge directed by petroleum migration, and petroleum and coal strata provide reductant for uranium metallogeny. Based on the hydrocarbon-generating simulated experiment of hydrocarbon source rocks in north margin of Qaidam Basin, the accumulation of U and the associated elements (Mn, Mo, V and Cs) has significant catalytic action on hydrocarbon-generating, indicating that the quantity of hydrocarbon-generating increases drastically, and the peak of hydrocarbon-generating is moved forward. In general, organic minerals have important reducing action on the formation of inorganic uranium deposit, and the inorganic uranium deposit and the associated elements have significant catalytic action on the formation of organic petroleum.

参考文献/References:

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　WEI Dong,MA Zhong-hao,CHEN Qing-shi.Mesozoic-Cenozoic Structure Characteristics and Coexisting Relationships of Multiple Energy Minerals in Weibei Uplift of Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2016,38(03):355.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期:2014-08-01
基金项目:中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212011221045);国家自然科学基金项目(41173060)
作者简介:王丹(1990-),女,陕西合阳人,工学硕士研究生,E-mail:wangdan0927@126.com。
通讯作者:吴柏林(1967-),男,江西赣州人,教授,博士研究生导师,理学博士,E-mail:wbailin@126.com。
更新日期/Last Update: 2015-05-27