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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第47卷

期数:

2025年第04期

页码:

570-582

栏目:

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展专刊(下)

出版日期:

2025-07-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Experimental Investigation on the Damage of Loess Subject to Blast Loading

文章编号:

1672-6561(2025)04-0570-13

作者:

刘蕊¹; 于渤¹; 邓龙胜¹; 范文¹; 2*; 汤冬¹; 杜中东³; 宋方述³; 邹煜⁴

(1. 长安大学 地质工程与测绘学院,陕西 西安 710054; 2. 信电综合勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054; 3. 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司长庆物探分公司,宁夏 银川 750005; 4. 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司采集技术中心,河北 涿州 072750)

Author(s):

LIU Rui¹; YU Bo¹; DENG Long-sheng¹; FAN Wen¹; 2*; TANG Dong¹; DU Zhong-dong³; SONG Fang-shu³; ZOU Yu⁴

(1. School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 2. China DK Comprehensice Engineering Inverstigation and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; 3. Changqing Geophysical Exploration Branch, BGP Inc., CNPC, Yinchuan 750005, Ningxia, China; 4. Acquisition Technology Center, BGP Inc., CNPC, Zhuozhou 072750, Hebei, China)

关键词:

土力学;  黄土;  爆炸;  损伤;  裂隙;  压密;  颗粒破碎;  黄土高原

Keywords:

soil mechanics;  loess;  explosion;  damage;  crack;  compaction;  particle breakage;  Loess Plateau

分类号:

TU444

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2025.01019

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

为阐明爆炸作用下黄土介质损伤规律,在黄土场地开展现场爆炸试验,结合室内试验研究,分析了爆炸后黄土中残留爆腔形貌、裂隙分布、压密范围、颗粒破碎等损伤特征,确定了爆炸作用下黄土介质的损伤分区和范围。结果表明:爆腔形状近似为两端呈球面的圆柱面,半径为0.27～0.30 m,爆腔表面形成拉张裂隙,顶部裂隙呈放射状,中部裂隙沿药柱轴向平行分布,裂隙平均深度为0.14～0.20 m; 爆腔周围土体干密度随距药柱轴线距离(爆心距)的增加迅速减小,当爆心距大于1.60 m时,土体不再发生压密; 爆腔表面附近黄土在冲击波作用下发生显著的颗粒破碎,颗粒破碎后黄土的粒径级配密度曲线由双峰型转变为三峰型; 颗粒相对破损率在距爆腔表面5～10 cm内迅速减小,爆腔中部附近土体颗粒破碎程度大于爆腔下部土体; 爆心距在0.300 m以内的区域为爆腔范围,爆心距0.300～0.375 m的区域为颗粒破碎区,爆心距0.375～0.500 m的区域为压缩拉裂区,爆心距0.500～1.600 m的区域为压密塑性区,爆心距大于等于1.600 m的区域为弹性区; 在冲击波作用范围内黄土介质损伤消耗的能量占爆炸能量的23%～27%,颗粒破碎区消耗的能量占总消耗能量的89%～91%。

Abstract:

The field explosion and laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the damage of loess under blast loading; the post-blast damage characteristics, including residual explosion cavity morphology, crack distribution, compaction range, and particle breakage, were systematically analyzed to determine the extents of different damage zones. The results show that the explosion cavity exhibits an approximately cylindrical surface with spherical ends, and the radius is 0.27-0.30 m; tensile cracks form on the cavity surface, featuring radial cracks at the top and axially parallel cracks in the mid-section, averaging 0.14-0.20 m in depth; the dry density of soil surrounding the explosion cavity decreases rapidly with increasing distance from the explosive column axis(stand-off distance), and soil compaction ceases at stand-off distances exceeding 1.60 m; significant particle breakage is observed in loess near the cavity surface due to the shock waves, transforming the particle size distribution from bimodal to trimodal; the relative breakage rate decreases sharply within 5-10 cm from the explosion cavity surface, with greater breakage detected near the mid-section of the explosion cavity compared to its base; damage zones are determined into explosion cavity(stand-off distance is less than 0.300 m), particle breakage zone(0.300-0.375 m), tensile fracture zone(0.375-0.500 m), and plastic compaction zone(0.500-1.600 m), beyond which the elastic zone(≥1.600 m)prevails; energy analysis reveals that 23%-27% of explosive energy is consumed by loess damage within the shock wave range, with 89%-91% of this energy attributed to particle breakage zone.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2025-01-10; 修回日期:2025-03-09
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3003403); 国家自然科学基金项目(42220104005,41902281); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102264716)
*通信作者:范 文(1967-),男,内蒙古武川人,长安大学教授,博士研究生导师,工学博士,E-mail:fanwen@chd.edu.cn。

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