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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第46卷

期数:

2024年第01期

页码:

38-53

栏目:

环境与可持续发展

出版日期:

2024-01-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Influence of Air Pollutant Reduction Measures on Aerosol Water-soluble Ions and Carbonaceous Components During the 14th National Games in Xi'an City of Shaanxi, China

文章编号:

1672-6561(2024)01-0038-16

作者:

沈利娟¹; 王红磊^2*; 赵天良²; 施双双¹; 武自豪²; 可 玥²; 刘焕武³

(1. 无锡学院 大气与遥感学院,江苏 无锡 214105; 2. 南京信息工程大学 中国气象局气溶胶云-降水重点开放实验室,江苏 南京 210044; 3. 西安市环境监测站,陕西 西安 710119)

Author(s):

SHEN Li-juan¹;  WANG Hong-lei^2*;  ZHAO Tian-liang²;  SHI Shuang-shuang¹;  WU Zi-hao²;  KE Yue²;  LIU Huan-wu³

(1. School of Atmosphere and Remote Sensing, Wuxi University, Wuxi 214105, Jiangsu, China; 2. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-cloud-precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; 3. Xi'an Environmental Monitoring Station, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China)

关键词:

水溶性离子;  有机碳;  元素碳;  日变化;  PM_2.5;  臭氧;  第十四届全运会;  西安

Keywords:

water-soluble ion;  organic carbon;  elemental carbon;  diurnal variation;  PM_2.5;  O₃;  the 14th National Games;  Xi'an

分类号:

X513

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2023.05064

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

人为源密集的城市是空气污染影响的主要区域,厘清城市地区排放源的变化与大气污染物浓度之间的影响作用机制,有助于协调我国大气污染防控与城市社会经济发展之间的关系。为研究第十四届全运会期间大气污染物减排措施对西安市大气污染物(PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂、O₃和CO)的影响,于2021年8月6日至10月1日使用在线监测仪器观测了环境六要素、气象要素和PM_2.5中的气溶胶化学组分(有机碳、元素碳和水溶性离子)。结果表明:大气污染物减排措施对主要污染物O₃和PM_2.5浓度日变化的影响不同,主要由温度对光化学过程的影响和扩散条件差异导致。O₃在减排措施实施期间晴天峰值浓度更高、持续时间更长、浓度变化更迅速。PM_2.5在减排措施实施前晴天白天的峰值浓度较高,并在减排措施实施期间晴天夜间的峰值浓度较高。大气污染物减排措施对PM_2.5中化学组分的影响不同,尤其是对有机碳的组成影响较大。与减排措施实施前晴天相比,减排措施实施期间晴天NO^-₃、SO^2-₄、NH⁺₄、Cl^-、Ca²⁺、Na⁺和NO^-₂浓度降低了17.9%～71.8%,K⁺、Mg²⁺和元素碳浓度增加了1.9%～13.6%,有机碳浓度仅降低了1.0%,但是一次有机碳浓度增加了13.6%,二次有机碳浓度降低了4.7%。NO^-₃/SO^2-₄值在减排措施实施期间晴天(0.53)远低于减排措施实施前晴天(1.66),表明减排措施实施期间交通源的贡献显著降低。降雨对NO^-₃和NH⁺₄的清除较弱,反而会增加其浓度,但对K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺和Na⁺的清除作用较强。NO^-₃、SO^2-₄和NH⁺₄在减排措施实施前后均是水溶性离子最重要的组成,在水溶性离子中的占比为90.8%(减排措施实施前的晴天)～95.8%(减排措施实施期间的雨天)。二次有机碳是有机碳的主要组成,占比为75.5%(减排措施实施期间的雨天)～79.9%(减排措施实施前的晴天)。不同阶段的水溶性离子和含碳气溶胶浓度日变化特征不同。NO^-₃、SO^2-₄和NH⁺₄浓度晴天的日变化为单峰型分布,雨天为多峰型分布。

Abstract:

In order to study the influence of air pollutant reduction measures on aerosol water-soluble ions, and organic carbon(OC)and element carbon(EC)during the 14th National Games in Xi'an city of Shaanxi, China, real-time observation instruments were used to motor the hourly concentration of the atmospheric pollutants(PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and CO), meteorological elements, and chemical composition(OC, EC and water-soluble ions)of PM_2.5 from August 6 to October 1, 2021. The results show that the air pollutant reduction measures have different effects on the diurnal variations of concentrations of O₃ and PM_2.5, mainly caused by the influence of temperature on photochemical processes and differences in diffusion conditions. The peak concentration of O₃ on sunny days during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures is higher, last longer, and the concentration changes more rapidly. The peak concentration of PM_2.5 is higher in the daytime of the sunny days before the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures, while the peak concentration is higher at night of sunny days during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures. The air pollutant reduction measures have different effects on the chemical components in PM_2.5, especially the composition of OC. On sunny days during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures, the concentrations of NO^-₃, SO^2-₄, NH⁺₄, Cl^-, Ca²⁺, Na⁺ and NO^-₂ decrease by 17.9%-71.8%, and the concentrations of K⁺, Mg²⁺ and EC increase by 1.9%-13.6%, the concentration of OC on sunny days only decreases by 1.0%, but the primary organic carbon(POC)increases by 13.6%, and the secondary organic carbon(SOC)decreases by 4.7%. The NO^-₃/SO^2-₄ ratio on sunny days during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures(0.53)is much lower than that on sunny days before the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures(1.66), indicating that the contribution of traffic source emission is significantly reduced during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures. Rainfall has a weak scavenging effect on NO^-₃ and NH⁺₄, and increases their concentrations, but it has a strong scavenging effect on K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Na⁺. NO^-₃, SO^2-₄ and NH⁺₄ are the essential components of water-soluble ions, accounting for 90.8% of the water-soluble ions(sunny days before the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures)to 95.8%(rainy days during the implementation of air pollutant reduction measures). The diurnal variations of water-soluble ions and carbonaceous aerosols differ at different stages.The diurnal variations of NO^-₃, SO^2-₄ and NH⁺₄ present unimodal distributions on sunny days and multimodal distributions on rainy days.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2023-05-30; 修回日期:2023-10-30投稿网址:http:∥jese.chd.edu.cn/
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3701204); 国家自然科学基金项目(42275196); 无锡学院引进人才科研启动专项项目(2023r035); 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20231300)
作者简介:沈利娟(1987-),女,江苏启东人,讲师,理学博士,E-mail:shenlj@cwxu.edu.cn。
*通信作者:王红磊(1988-),男,山东蒙阴人,副教授,理学博士,E-mail:hongleiwang@nuist.edu.cn。

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