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伊洛河流域地表水-地下水水化学演化特征及其形成机制(PDF)

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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:: 第47卷
期数:: 2025年第03期

页码:: 537-554

栏目:: 黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展专刊(上)

出版日期:: 2025-05-15

文章信息/Info

Title:: Hydrochemical Evolution of Surface Water and Groundwater in Yiluo River Basin, China and Its Formation Mechanisms

文章编号:: 1672-6561(2025)03-0537-18

作者:: 李康¹; 2; 3; 田盼盼¹; 2; 3; 曹智铭¹; 2; 3; 钱会¹; 2; 3*; (1.黄土科学全国重点实验室,陕西西安 710054; 2.长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安 710054; 3.长安大学水利部旱区生态水文与水安全重点实验室,陕西西安 710054)

Author(s):: LI Kang¹; 2; 3; TIAN Pan-pan¹; 2; 3; CAO Zhi-ming¹; 2; 3; QIAN Hui¹; 2; 3*; (1.State Key Laboratory of Loess Science,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China; 3.Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

关键词:: 水化学; 氢氧同位素; 熵权水质指数; 主成分分析; 水岩相互作用; 离子交换; 黄河

Keywords:: hydrochemistry; hydrogen and oxygen isotopes; entropy-weighted water quality index; principal component analysis; water-rock interaction; ion exchange; Yellow River

分类号:: P64

DOI:: 10.19814/j.jese.2024.11034

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 伊洛河是黄河右岸的重要支流,是黄河流域生态保护体系中的重要组成部分。通过采集伊洛河流域的地表水和地下水样品,结合统计分析、Piper三线图、氢氧同位素分析、离子比值法与熵权水质指数(EWQI)等方法,对流域水体转化、水化学演化及其影响因素进行了系统研究。结果表明:伊洛河流域水体整体呈弱碱性,地表水各离子浓度从上游到下游呈递增趋势,而地下水中各离子浓度的空间变化波动较大; 沿着径流方向,地表水水化学类型由HCO₃-Ca·Mg型逐渐演化为HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg型,地下水水化学类型由HCO₃-Ca·Mg型逐渐演化为HCO₃-Ca·Mg·Na型; 流域水体主要由大气降水进行补给,并受到蒸发作用的影响,上游区域地下水对地表水的补给占主导,中游区域则出现地表水对地下水的补给,下游区域地下水对地表水的补给逐渐减弱; 流域水体水化学形成演化主要受到碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩风化溶解作用的控制,同时受到阳离子交换作用和人类活动的影响; 部分支流(如麻坪河、涧河和瀍河)的地表水受工矿废水排放影响较大; NO^-₃为流域水体主要污染因子,地表水中的NO^-₃主要来源于化肥和生活污水,地下水中的NO^-₃主要受到化肥施用和土壤有机氮累积的影响。熵权水质指数评价结果显示,流域水体水质整体较好,上游区域水质优于下游区域,大部分地表水、泉水和井水适宜饮用,但下游区域部分井水质量较差,不宜直接饮用。

Abstract:: The Yiluo River is an important tributary on the right bank of Yellow River, and its basin is a key component of the ecological protection system within Yellow River Basin. The transformation and hydrochemical evolution of surface water and groundwater, as well as the factors influencing these processes, were systematically investigated by collecting and analyzing water samples from Yiluo River Basin; a combination of methods, including statistical analysis, Piper trilinear diagram, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes analysis, ion ratio method, and the entropy-weighted water quality index(EWQI), were employed. The results show that the water in Yiluo River Basin is generally weakly alkaline, with surface water ion concentrations increasing from upstream to downstream, while the groundwater ion concentrations exhibit significant spatial fluctuations; along the flow direction, the hydrochemical type of surface water evolves from HCO₃-Ca·Mg to HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg, while that of groundwater evolves from HCO₃-Ca·Mg to HCO₃-Ca·Mg·Na; the basin's water is mainly replenished by atmospheric precipitation and is also affected by evaporation; in the upstream region, groundwater predominantly recharges surface water, whereas in the middle reaches, surface water recharges groundwater; in the downstream region, groundwater's recharge to surface water gradually weakens; the formation and evolution of the basin's hydrochemistry are mainly controlled by the weathering and dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks, as well as cation exchange processes and human activities; some tributaries, such as Maping River, Jian River, and Chan River, are heavily impacted by the discharge of industrial and mining wastewater; nitrate(NO^-₃)is identified as the primary pollutant in the basin, with surface water NO^-₃ mainly originating from fertilizers and domestic sewage, while groundwater NO^-₃ is influenced by fertilizer use and the accumulation of organic nitrogen in the soil. The EWQI assessment shows that the overall water quality in the basin is relatively good, with water quality in the upstream region being better than in the downstream region; most surface water, spring water, and well water are suitable for drinking, but some wells in the downstream region have poor water quality and are unsuitable for direct consumption.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:: 收稿日期:2024-11-28; 修回日期:2025-01-17
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42341102); 陕西林业科技创新重点专项项目(SXLK2023-02-1); 长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102294905)
*通信作者:钱会(1963-),男,陕西咸阳人,长安大学教授,博士研究生导师,理学博士,E-mail:qianhui@chd.edu.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2025-06-20

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