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《地球科学与环境学报》[ISSN:1672-6561/CN:61-1423/P]

卷:

第47卷

期数:

2025年第02期

页码:

143-157

栏目:

水资源与水文地质

出版日期:

2025-03-15

文章信息/Info

Title:

Hydrochemical Evolution of Phreatic Water and Variation Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Chagan Lake Basin, Northeast China

文章编号:

1672-6561(2025)02-0143-15

作者:

苏小四¹; 2*; 吴成熔¹; 2; 王永琦²; 3; 宋雅智¹; 2; 李宁飞²; 3; 杨敬爽⁴; 马锋敏⁴

(1. 吉林大学 新能源与环境学院,吉林 长春 130021; 2. 吉林大学 水资源与环境研究所,吉林 长春 130021; 3. 吉林大学 建设工程学院,吉林 长春 130021; 4. 吉林查干湖国家级自然保护区管理局,吉林 松原 131100)

Author(s):

SU Xiao-si¹; 2*;  WU Cheng-rong¹; 2;  WANG Yong-qi²; 3;  SONG Ya-zhi¹; 2;  LI Ning-fei²; 3;  YANG Jing-shuang⁴;  MA Feng-min⁴

(1. College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; 2. Institute of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; 3. College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; 4. Jilin Chagan Lake National Nature Reserve Administration, Songyuan 131100, Jilin, China)

关键词:

水化学;  潜水;  氮;  磷;  模糊C均值聚类算法;  主成分分析;  绝对因子得分-多元线性回归模型;  东北地区

Keywords:

hydrochemistry;  phreatic water;  nitrogen;  phosphorus;  fuzzy C-mean clustering algorithm;  principal component analysis;  APCS-MLR model;  Northeast China

分类号:

P641.3

DOI:

10.19814/j.jese.2024.10049

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

深入了解区域地下水水化学演化及其影响因素,揭示入湖地下水中的氮磷来源和成因,对于解析通过地下水排泄入湖的氮磷贡献和湖泊富营养化治理具有重要意义。以东北地区查干湖流域为研究区,选择与湖水具有密切水力联系的第四系孔隙潜水为研究对象,结合区域潜水典型水流路径,应用水文地球化学图解法、模糊C均值聚类算法、主成分分析和绝对因子得分-多元线性回归(APCS-MLR)模型,探究了区域潜水水化学空间演化规律和主要影响因素; 综合土地利用类型变化和影响因素,讨论了研究区潜水中氮磷组分主要来源和浓度变化原因。结果表明:查干湖流域潜水主要化学类型为HCO₃-Ca型,潜水典型径流路径上溶解性总固体(TDS)和主要离子浓度升高,Cl^-/Na⁺质量浓度比值变大,水化学演化主要受控于蒸发浓缩作用、农业活动、溶滤作用和阳离子交换作用; 研究区北部大安灌区正将盐碱地改造成水田,施加大量肥料,潜水氮磷组分浓度升高,高值区范围扩大,中西部盐碱地和旱地开发成水田后,潜水环境偏还原,NH⁺₄质量浓度升高; 旱地和盐碱地改造为水田后,潜水NO^-₃、NH⁺₄和PO^3-₄质量浓度明显增高。基于APCS-MLR模型定量解析结果显示,农业活动对NH⁺₄、PO^3-₄和NO^-₃的贡献率分别高达87%、55%和25%。

Abstract:

In-depth understanding on regional groundwater hydrochemical evolution and its influencing factors, and revealing the sources and causes of nitrogen and phosphorus in the groundwater entering the lake, are of great significance in resolving the contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus discharged into the lake through groundwater and the management of eutrophication in the lake. Chagan lake basin, located in the hinterland of Northeast Plain, was selected as the study area, with particular focus on the Quaternary pore phreatic water that exhibits close hydraulic connectivity to the lake; a comprehensive investigation was conducted by combining the typical regional groundwater flow paths with an integrated analytical framework; hydrogeochemical graphical methods were systematically employed in conjunction with fuzzy C-mean clustering algorithm and principal component analysis(PCA); furthermore, an absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR)model was developed to elucidate the spatial evolution patterns of phreatic water hydrochemistry and identify the predominant controlling factors in the study region. The results show that the main chemical type of phreatic water in Chagan lake basin is HCO₃-Ca type; total dissolved solids(TDS)and the concentration of main ions in the typical runoff path of phreatic water increase, and the mass concentration ratio of Cl^-/Na⁺ increases; the hydrochemical evolution is mainly controlled by evaporation and concentration, agricultural activities, leaching and cation exchange; Da'an irrigation area in the northern part of the study area is transforming saline-alkali land into paddy field, applying a large amount of fertilizer, the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus components in phreatic water increase and the scope expands; saline-alkali land and dry land in the central and western regions are developed into paddy field, the phreatic water environment is partially reduced, and the mass concentration of NH⁺₄ increases; the mass concentrations of NO^-₃, NH⁺₄ and PO^3-₄ in phreatic water increase significantly after the transformation of dry land and saline-alkali land into paddy field. The quantitative analysis results based on APCS-MLR model show that the contribution rates of agricultural activities to NH⁺₄, PO^3-₄ and NO^-₃ are as high as 87%, 55% and 25%, respectively.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

收稿日期:2024-10-31; 修回日期:2025-02-15
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42230204); 2023年吉林省环境保护科研项目(吉环科字第2023-02号)
*通信作者:苏小四(1971-),男,安徽巢湖人,教授,博士研究生导师,工学博士,博士后,E-mail:suxiaosi@jlu.edu.cn。

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